Study On Chinese Ethnic Minority Films During Three Decades Since Reform And Opening (1979-2008)

Films on ethnic minority are undoubtedly special spectacle in New China's film history.Their expressive objects are heterogeneous and pluralistic minorities,the films are an important link that exposing the inner pluralistic culture in nation-state, and also indispensable components for constructing political community and cultural community in socialist China.This dissertation selects the films on ethnic minority in China during three decades since reform and opening as the studying objects,mainly adopts interviews,close reading and contrastive analysis,etc.,associated with the theories of sociology,culturology,anthropology and film narratology,on the basis of organizing the integral evolving of the films on ethnic minority during three decades since reform and opening,the dissertation analyzes the image style and narrative features,deeply dissects the identity consciousness of directors who belong to different ethnic groups,and the influence of films on ethnic minority creation by the identity consciousness,probes into the identity construction in those films.The dissertation strives to combine history and theory.The first part of the dissertation organizes the developmental process of the films on ethnic minority during three decades since reform and opening.Since reform and opening,those films experienced the entertainment-oriented summit in 1980s,the bottom in 1990s and the rising in 21^st century,under the background of globalization, the films present their existence featured with pluralistic dissimilarities.Entering the new century,the films on ethnic minority unearth the minority culture in the name of original ecology,at the same time,the narrative strength being weakened,and the marketization process is still comparatively difficult.The second part of the dissertation is based on the ethnic group theory,it divides the films on ethnic minority since reform and opening into four categories:ethnic minority directors who grew up in multiethnic areas and those who grew up in their native areas;directors of Han who grew up in Han's native areas and those who grew up in multiethnic areas.These directors of different identities create films on ethnic minority from various perspectives,structuring a pluralistic spectacle.Directors of different identities and came from different growing environment focus on ethnic minority themes for different situations,and present identity consciousness caused by differences.The multiple differences are the results of penetration,transplantation, combination,complementation of cultural interaction and cultural integration;the presenting of individual difference is the vitality of films on ethnic minority.The inner differences of ethnic minority are the deep motivation of differentiation. Because of the different identities and the penetrating of different perspectives,films on ethnic minority present more of the pluralistic dissimilarities aspect.The third part of the dissertation analyzes the rhetorical and narrative features of films on ethnic minority since reform and opening.As special text belonged to the third world,those films featured with symbolism and fabled significance.Individual stories are not only connected closely with ethnic groups' destiny,but also vitally interrelated with nation's prosperity and flourish.Films on ethnic minority often mean the creation of an alien space,at the same time,based on the constructing and traversing of the space,narrative patterns such as salvation and to be salvaged,fleeing and returning,treasures seeking and exploiting,etc.,are formed in the films.Since reform and opening,especially entering 1990s,narrating minorities' stories from native perspectives(location and position)becomes a subject of more and more important,creation groups with different identities express respecting and approaching to native perspectives through various ways.The fourth part of the dissertation discusses multiple identity system in films on ethnic minority during three decades since reform and opening.Diversity in unity is the integral characterization in those films;the unity of Chinese nation is the premise for exposing individual nationalities' multiple cultural identity.Through reproducing ethnic groups' memory and symbolizing cultural characteristics,the films present ethnic groups' cultural identity,and expose sexual identity gradually at the same time. Films on ethnic minority since reform and opening construct Chinese nation's integral identity,also through reproducing historical memory of great unification,resisting alien enemies with sharing weal and woe and the encouragement of common ideal.Films on ethnic minority are still in a power field which is contended by various authorities.The developmental orientation of those films is certainly the result of contending.Under the background of globalization,those films should present their aspect of multiple dissimilarities;and under the integral requirement of national ideology,the creating thoughts should be widened,the creating techniques should be richened,the narrative strength should be strengthened,and to follow marketization actively.