The History Of Debating Upon Tang And Song Poem During The Late Period In Qing Dynasty

The subject of this paper is debating upon Tang and Song Poem during the Late Period in Qing Dynasty. By analyzing the composition of different camp staff, the contrast of power, as well as poetics stand in the debate of important poets and theoreticians which build upon the era of ideological and systematic learning general mood, poetics background, the origins of poetry, the poetry friends and personality delight, and other internal and external factors, demonstrating the dynamic development of debating upon Tang and Song Poem during the Late Period in Qing Dynasty detailedly, and revealing the acceptance of the poet factors of the Tang and Song Poem during the Late Period in Qing Dynasty, seeing through the development trend of poem during the late period in Qing Dynasty under the influence of the debate.Paper starts in the wide field of systematic learning and poems vision, traditional poer and prose criticism is the main methods, in the study of the literature on the basis of an in-depth analysis and inquie,horizontal and vertical comparing is drawed on in the course of it in order to show both the whole debating pattern and internet developing law.This thesis has six chapters, the first three chapters discuss about the debating upon Tang and Song poem in the period of the Dao-Xian-Tong. The last three chapters discuss the debating in the period of Guang-Xuan-Early years of Republic.The first chapter dissertates the origin of ethos of respecting-Song Poem during the Dao-Xian-tong. In that period, With the development of poetics, it takes place transition. Although the force of respecting-Song Poem continues rising, and it comes forth to Zhe-Group, Xiushui-Group, and"skin texture"-group, respecting-Tang Poem is still dominant during the Qian-Jia. However, with the alter of era, respecting-Song Poem rises and develops during Dao-Qian. In the period, the respecting Song Poem-group is a leader, with the assistance of Tongcity-Group and others, therefore, it is overwhelming. They criticize the respecting-Tang Poem in the Qian-Jia. There are litter dispute in theory, but much in practice. In this way, it reveals their interest in the poetics. The Song Poem-group emphasizes the poems'creation and the importance of knowledge upon the poems;the Tongcity-group claims that they discuss poems with ancient grammars in theory and write poems with literatures in skill. Although their use materials widely, they consider Huang Tingjian and Su Shi, who are outstanding poets in Song Dynasty, as their teachers because of their high status and remarkable achievement, they influence many other poets contemporarily.The second chapter reveals that the force of respecting-Tang Poem is feeble during the Dao-Qian-Tong. There are few respecting-Tang Poects in the amount, but they assemble in the area of Fujian and Guangdong, this phenomena is relative to the location. They have got little success, except for YaoXie, Ruyitong, Zhangjiliang and Tangpeng. Besides, they are confined very few areas, and their poems are little influential. Who they respect are Dufu and Baijuyi, which is a highlight. The reason is that in that social circumstance, other nationnality's invasion and people living in dire poverty make poets develop realism and concentrate on the people. In that time, many poets write poems to show their respect to the Tang Poem. However, they debase the Song Poems in the indierct way; the anthologys of Tang poems can hardly get achievement, therefore, the influence of respecting-Tang Poem is feeble in the whole. They manifest the respect to the Tang Poem in their poems or reveal the preference in the perfaces occasionally. Few poets have books except for Zhangweiping and Huangpeifang. Whatever in the texts and perfaces, they basically esteem the Song Poem at the same time of respecting Tang Poem, not debasing. Besides, in Fujian, many poets transit their attitude from respecting-Tang Poem to respecting-Song Poem. Therefore, the controversy beteewn Tang and Song Poem seems calm. Not like from the early of Qing Dynasty to the middle of the one, most poets reflect on and rectify the parnassus in the Jia-Qian. Howerve, in the Xian-Tong, the HuXiang-Group, which grow up newly, discontent and criticize the Song Poems. Consequently, the dispute comes up again. The third chapter probes into the development of the combination of Tang and Song Poem in the Dao-Xian-Tong. As the inheritor of Jia-Qian, the combination continues developing; Gongzizheng focus on the creating and he embodys the notable trendence of combination in the procession of creation. There are seventeen poems, including PangDeYu, LinChangYi and HeRiYu, who are representative men. They treat Tang and Song Poem equally, and discuss the relationship of knowledge and temperament abroadly in the poems. They emphasize the temperament, but not abandoning knowledge. Because respecting-Song Poem and respecting-Tang Poem don't oppose determinedly but learning each other, it is a significant poetic phenomenon to combining of respecting-Song Poem and respecting-Tang Poem in the period.The fourth chapter discusses tidal current of respecting-Song Poem in the period of Guang-Xuan-Early years of Republic. The tidal current of respecting-Song Poem set off again a new upsurge aferwarde it in Dao-Xian in this time, represented by Tong Guangti. Which has systematic theory, strong lineup and prominent achievements. Which is not only occupy an half of land but bring about infuence widely so that many poects study them or defend them in debating.ChenYan is the promoter and spokesperson of Tong Guangti who not only lash respecting-Tang Poects own utmost from Nan Song but promote"San Yuan","Combine Poetic Poem and Scholar's Poem","Refined"and"Real"therefore construct theoric system of respecting-Song Poem that is full of times. Who render an outstanding service for Tong Guangti's development and expandment. Because of its great members and clear region, Tong Guangti, therefore, is divided into Min Pai, Zhe Pai and Gan Pai and their poerty interesting are not identical. Compared Song Poem Group in the period of Dao-Xian, Tong Guangti have greater scope of drowing on poerty resources in which they study poects not only in Song Dynasty but also in middle and late Tang Dynasty and Six Dynastys.The fifth chapter dissertates the tidal current of reconciling Tang and Song Poem in the period of Guang-Xuan-Early years of Republic. There are many poects and grougs that advocate the combination of Tang and Song Poem such as"Hebei Group"represented by Zhang zhidong,"Revolution of Poerty world"Group and LiCiming, Fan Zengxiang, Yi Shunding etc. There are also many poems in which Xiao Yuan Poem writted by Zhu Tingzhen is the excellentest. Part of them accept Song Poem on the basis of respecting-Tang Poem, therefore, they approve of part of poects but dissatisy and lash other ones and groups in Song Dynasty such as Zhang Zhidong. Studing Tang Poem is mainful in creating for them such as Li Ciming, Fan Zengxiang and Yi Shunding etc."Revolution of Poerty world"Group treat equally and surpass the debating upon Tang and Song Poem in the same time of tring to creat new"poetry world"and in which part of them such as Jin Tianyu dissatisy and lash Tong Guangti. Compared it in the period of Dao-Xian-Tong, the combination of Tang and Song Poem forcce move upward.The sixth chapter dissertates condition of respecting-Tang Poem. The lowering condition of respecting-Tang Poem in Dao-Xian has changed and become actival. Wang Kaiyun and his discipies still enliven in poetic circles, in addition, Xi kun Group which study Li Shangyin in the late period in Tang Dynasty, Nan She which appears revolutional tendency, poects who respect poem of Han-Wei-Liu Dynasty such as Zhang Binglin and his discipies, Li Xiang, Li Ruiqing and Wen Tingshi etc arise early or late. Besides, there are many poects who study Tang Poem scattered in Jiang Zuo. They lash severely Song Poem and Tong Guangti in the same time they approve of Tang poem and respecte it and form a camp that oppose the force of respecting-Song Poem with the force of reconciling Tang and Song Poem but their force donot fight for mastery the one of respecting-Song Poem.Taking the debating upon Tang and Song Poem during the late period in Qing Dynasty a sweeping view, the force of respecting-Song Poem is main stream and gain the upper hand. The force of combination of Tang and Song Poem is also great ,however, the force of respecting-Tang Poem is smaller and weaker relatively. Which appear Tang Poem is coldshouldered increasingly and Song Poem is respected. For the debating upon Tang and Song Poem, there arenot almost debating among three groups so that it seem quiet relatively. It appear again in Xian-Tong and become sharp up to lash, rail both sides during the period of Guang-Xuan-Early years of Republic. Nan She is dismissed for the debating upon Tang and Song Poem inside. We can predict that it shall continue if New Culture Movement donot rise and new poem donot substitute for old poem.