On Rhyme Studies

This paper will discuss three aspects,namely:1.Address the issue of whether the Old Chinese东Dong,冬Dong,and侵Qin rhyme group should be classified separately or together.2.Address the issue of whether the Old Chinese脂Zhi and微Wei rhyme group should be classified separately or together.3.Research the relationship between阴声Yinsheng rhyme and入声Rusheng rhyme.This paper makes use of resources from Old Chinese verse and script.Verse include inscriptions on Zhou Dynasty bronze,Shi Jing,Chu Ci,Pre-Qin verse,Han Dynasty verse,etc.Zhou Qin verse is essentially centered on Jiang Yougao's Qun Jing Yun Du and Xian Qin Yun Du.Han verse is essentially centered on Luo Changpei,Zhou Zumo's Hanweijin Nanbeichao Yunbu yanbian yanjiu; Yu Anlan's Hanwei liuchao Yunpu.The pictophonetic characters material refered Shuowenjiezi, Shuowen tongxun dingsheng.The phonetic loan characters material refered Tongjiazi huishi, Guhanyu Tongjiazi zidian,Guzi Tongjia hui dian,etc.In addition,ethnic minority dialects and folk songs are also utilised.This paper's main points conclude the following:1.From the West Zhou Dynasty to the Dong Han Dynasty,东Dong and冬Dong were of the same rhyme group.They have the same rhyme scheme,this is not a dialect phenomenon.Meanwhile,冬Dong and侵Qin Heyun is a Western China dialect phenomenon.According to ancient verse,the Heyun phenomenon of东Dong and冬Dong was a common occurrence.The relationship between东Dong and冬Dong is much closer than the relationship between冬Dong and侵Qin.Based on observations of Heyun in other rhyme groups,东Dong and冬Dong share an inseparable relationship.For example,东Dong and阳Yang have Heyun.冬Dong and阳Yang also have Heyun.冬Dong and蒸Zheng have Heyun,东Dong and蒸Zheng also have Heyun.In addition,the following situation also arose:东Dong and冬Dong simultaneously appeared with other rhyme groups.For example,东Dong,冬Dong,and阳Yang have Heyun.东Dong,冬Dong,and蒸Zheng also have Heyun.From a geographical perspective,东Dong and冬Dong Heyun appeared in all kinds dialect districts. Meanwhile,冬Dong and侵Qin Heyun only appeared in Western China,therefore we conclude that冬Dong and侵Qin Heyun is a Western China dialect phenomenon. In Ancient Chinese works,A great number of phonetic loan characters of东Dong and冬Dong were often interchangeable,whereas冬Dong and侵Qin rarely were.So东Dong and冬Dong had an intimate relationship.2.From the West Zhou Dynasty to the Dong Han Dynasty,脂Zhi and微Wei were of the same rhyme group,质Zhi and物Wu were of the same rhyme group,too.According to ancient verse,the Heyun phenomenon of脂Zhi and微Wei was a common occurrence. Based on observations of Heyun in other rhyme groups,脂Zhi and微Wei share an inseparable relationship.For example,脂Zhi and支zhi have Heyun.微Wei and支zhi also have Heyun.微Wei and歌Ge have Heyun,脂Zhi and歌Ge also have Heyun.质Zhi and月Yue have Heyun,物Wu and月Yue also have Heyun.In addition,the following situation also arose:脂Zhi and微Wei simultaneously appeared with other rhyme groups.For example,脂Zhi,微Wei,and歌Ge have Heyun.质Zhi,物Wu,and月Yue also have Heyun.From a geographical perspective脂Zhi and微Wei,质Zhi and物Wu Heyun appeared in all kinds dialect districts.Meanwhile,During the Pre-Qin Dynasty,脂Zhi and微Wei Feyun appeared in small numbers in certain writers' works from the Eastern China territories(today's Shandong,Hebei, etc.).This was a peculiarity of the Eastern China dialect.During the Western Han Dynasty,this peculiarity disappeared.3.Old Chinese阴声Yinsheng and入声Rusheng had an intimate relationship,the reason being the dual tone characters,去声Qnsheng and入声Rusheng,existed in Old Chinese.Characters with去声Qusheng pronunciation were Heyuned with阴声Yinsheng,while characters with入声Rusheng pronunciation were Heyuned with入声Rusheng.4.Old Chinese already had four tones:平Ping,上Shang,去Qu,and入Ru.去声Qusheng was classified as an阴声Yinsheng in Old Chinese.The dual tone characters,去声Qusheng and入声Rusheng,were simultaneously considered as both being阴声Yinsheng and入声Rusheng.