Ritualists Of The Tang Dynasty And Literary Studies

Being the position closly related to etiquette system, imperial examination system, educational system in Tang Dynasty, the protocol officials were playing the vital role in the politics and the cultural life. We study systematically the protocol officials ' establishment and development in Tang Dynasty , discuss the political and cultural function, and analysis the interactive relations between the protocol officials, the literators, and the literature evolution. Then from the combining site of culture and literature in the cultural context, we explore the unique way which the protocol officials took part in government, the life condition and the creation trend.Being the research foundation, the introduction firstly explores the origin of "protocol official" and explains the study object of this dissertation. Based on this, referencing related research and historical data, it carries on textual research the official appointed in Tang Dynasty, to make "the Table of Protocol officials in Tang Dynasty ". These materials become the important basis which the dissertation main body part launches. The dissertation consists of seven chapters.Chapter 1 mainly elbaoartes the establishment and authority change of protocol official's system in Tang Dynasty. It points out that the protocol official of Tang Dynasty are composed of four major parts, the officials of Rites Ministry, the officials of Taichang Temple, the etiquette messengers and ZhiGuan. Based on this, we have discovered that in preliminary Tang Dynasty the protocol official's function movement was responsible for the government order, Taichang Temple govern by the Rites Ministry this kind of excellent downward operational mechanism. This kind of situation changed when AN Lushan Rebellion happened, the ritual function of Rites Ministry officials to a certain extent was substituted gradually by the minister of the Taichang Temple. In the mid and late part of Tang Dynasty, ritual authority was taken charge by the etiquette messengers and Tai Chang doctor.Chapter 2 mainly analyzes the protocol officials ' appointing and the official function activity, such as Tai Chang doctor and the officials of Rites Ministry. This chapter finally from the angle of country sacrificial offering in Tang Dynasty, elaborates emphatically the protocol official's political fortunes change during three hundred years in Tang Dynasty.Chapter 3 mainly discusses the protocol offical's professional accomplishment. It points out that the protocol offical's assignment qualifications was illustrated that the literature, the welldoing, the ritual study and many aspects accomplishments were paid equal attention in Tang Dynasty. The study of ritual specialized knowledge was an important attribute that the protocol official who studied could be competent the official duty. At the same time, in virtue of influence of political system, cultural system and social convention, the accomplishment of literature was took the important attribute to inspect in the criterion and standard of choosing protocol officials by the royal government.Chapter 4 mainly analyzes the relationship between the protocol official choosing official and the (iterators in Tang Dynasty. The protocol officials Managing the imperial examination have the material effect to the literators. KaiYuan 24 years (736) , protocol minister Yao Li replaced managing the imperial examination, took a series of reforms which carried on to the test content to cause Oriented Change in official selecting of the early-stage of Tang Dynasty. BaoYing 2 years (763) Yang Wan requested to terminate the imperial examination, which initiated the first struggle on save or abandons the Chinese imperial examination in the history. This argument has caused directly the reform of Tang imperial examination and Mid-Tang the literator's accomplishment reforming. This chapter finally discusses the relations between the standard change of the protocol official choosing the officials and social capable idea vicissitude,,and appraises the standard of the protocol official choosing the officials.Chapter 5 mainly discusses the inherence relationship between the protocol official's thought character and literary innovation in Mid-Tang Dynasty. In thought politics culture reconstruction, protocol official were cleaning up social order by ceremony rule rulers. moreover, they excavated the essence and realistic function of Confucian thoughts, thus re-established Confucian domain dominant position in the thought culture. The protocol official's literature thought and the official function activity promoted the Tang Dynasty writer's intense society sense and to participate in government consciousness formation, impelled that the Tang Dynasty prose took Confucian culture values as the connotation, and established gradually the idea that the literature politics society function were valued in Tang Dynasty literature thought. The article points out that the protocol official's literature thought and the official function activity were the important agents which maid the ideological trend of literature development and evolvement in Mid-Tang Dynasty.Chapter 6 discusses roundly the protocol officials' life and their literary production in Tang Dynasty. From the protocol official's status and their daily life, we carry on the discussion. The articles include praise works, the articles discussed the ritual and the articles discussed posthumous title of emperors and distinguished ministers. These writings manifest the protocol official's political status and the official function characteristic. The poetrys are composed of poemes writing according to the emperor's order, poemes writing among the official groups, poemes on the guard duty in the imperial palace as well as poemes in response to one received the poem by Rites minister with responsibility for imperial examination. The writings record the protocol official scholar's real life situation and mentality.Chapter 7 through analysisng the protocol official experience and literary production of several literators, such as QUAN Deyu, YUAN Zhen, BEI Juyi, LIU Zongyuan, and LIU Yuxi, and so on , discuss the important influence of the protocol official experience . Though the three groups cases focus on the different angle, their thought and creation manifest the protocol official writer's common special characteristic. The protocol official experiences has the important meaning and the special influence to their official career lives and the prose creation.