| Kong Anguo, named Ziguo, is an important person in the history of Confucian Classic Books academic research in Han dynasty as well as the Confucius family's learning. He majored in the Classics, and was familiar with many ancient books broadly, hence as a Inaugurator in the study of the Shangshu, the Analecst and Xiaojing which were all transcribed with the ancient Chinese characters, however there was a few simple records about his all lifetime and academic activities in the present history documents, also some debates caused by his writings has lasted for long time among the academic fields from the past to the present. Here we will make an effort to make a relatively systematic discussion according to the present materials concern in this paper about his things from many sides such as the time of his birth and death, the specific position in the family genealogy, the background of the late ancestor and academic, the origin of his study, and the family learning development, meanwhile, we will concentrate on researching his many academic activities such as the relation between him and the Shangshu of two editions which are wrote with the current and ancient character, the ancient-character Analects, the ancient-character Xiaojing, Kongzi-Jiayu, Confucius family's learning, etc. in the end we also comment on Kong Anguo's important position in the academic history of Han dynasty.As to Kong Anguo, being a descendant of Confucius, according to Historical Records, Hanshu, and Confucius family genealogy collected in every times, we researched that he is the 11th grandson of Confucius, lived about in the period from the first year of Jing emperor reign to the fourth year of Wu emperor later reign called "Taichu", from the B.C.156 year to the B.C.101 year. He was enthusiastic in learning everywhere in the youth,e.g. studied the Shangshu from Fu sheng who was a very old but famous expert scholar in this field, accepted Lu Poetry which was an important edition spread in the Lu area from Shen gong, also ever went to the quite prosperous cultural region of Hejian for studying the ancient classics, with skillful and brilliant learning achievements, he ever participated in the political field as the Confucianism Classics Doctor, an attendant for the emperor, imperial censors and the prefecture chief in the Linhuai district. So that it to say, he was successfully both in the academics and the politics. From the viewpoint of the family cultural heritance, Kong Anguo was from Confucius family with long time of morality and knowledge tradition. From the Spring&Autumn and Warring States Time to the Han dynasty, there emerged many talented persons in this family after Confucius, they all regarded the Confucianism as the main direction of study, diligent in researching the Confucianism Classics, leading to a positive and knowledgeable learning demeanour in this family which accumulated a thick academic atmosphere and profound cultural content, so those things made a good inside surroundings for his study mentioned above. So it is evident that Kong Anguo's academic source is very wide from family learning, professional education and Hejian learning mainly, among them are not only the current script classical learning such as Fu sheng's Shangshu in current character, Shengong's Lu Poetry, but also the ancient script classical learning such as Shangshu in ancient character from family learning, Mao's Poetry of Hejian district, those wide source of knowledge undoubtedly established a foundation for his outstanding position of Confucian classics history in Han dynasty.Kong Anguo lived in the reign of Jing and Wu emperor, when the cultural policy of the Han dynasty government had been changed from doing nothing aimlessly(advocated by the school of Huang-lao thinker) to the new slogan "Respecting Confucianism skill only, propagandizing the Six Classics" gradually. Wu emperor in Han dynasty ever put into a range of policy of promoting Confucianism into action after his enthronement, by which this thought established a leading position in the many academic schools as well as prompt the current script classical learning to a prosperity. This kind of good social surroundings brought an advantaged requirement for Kong Anguo to pass down the cultural undertaking of his ancestors and to studying the Confucianism Classics.In the late time of Jing emperor reign, there are some ancient Confucianism books founded in the wall of Confucius Mansion by accident when the Prince Lu gong wanted to enlarge his mansion, include ancient-character Shangshu, ancient-character Analects, ancient-character Xiaojing and the ancient Rite. Those books were protected by Kong Anguo, and became the document base of his study afterwards, also by this occasional and objective but absolutely lucky accident, then he got a relatively outstanding achievements into the quite high position of Han dynasty academic history. Besides, he lived the important cultural region all over the country---Qi and Lu area with deep regional culture and many a famous Confucianism scholar, those thick academic atmosphere not only made him immerged and edified among it, and also offered much convenience for him to study from teachers and communicate mutually with the companion.Kong Anguo was familiar with Shangshu study and a key character of this field historically in Han dynasty. He ever was the doctor of the Shangshu in current-character during the Emperor Wu's time, and taught it to his student Ni Kuan, leading to the form of the three schools of studying this edition of Shangshu finally and improving the development and prosperity of it. At the same time, he arranged and identified the ancient-character Shangshu which was from Kong's wall interpreted some words and sentences of it, also taught it go his students and offspring, by which formed a clear imparting pedigree and initiated the school of Shangshu study in ancient character. So he had originated both the two school of Shangshu with different characters, and made much contribution to the Study of Shangshu in the Han dynasty. As far as the specific research is concerned, we also make some analysis and demonstrations on the problem of Shangshukongzhuan's author and formation, e.g. we proved that Kong Anguo actually annotated the ancient-character Shangshu by comparison between Kongzhuan and Xiaoerya, and his annotations had been collected in the Xiaoerya. From the understanding of the original meaning of"Zhuan",the relationship with Kong congzi and the succession of Confucius family's learning, it is ought to be that Kongzhuan which we can see today must be the collective writing of the scholar in the Confucius family starting with Kong Anguo, and it experienced a process that Kong Anguo annotated, taught, and then the Confucius family scholars complemented,edited until the final book forming, that is to say, this book was the result of Confucius family's learning in Han dynasty.The ancient-character Analects was from Kong Wall, Kong Anguo was the first collector and researcher. What he ever did on the book included:that he arranged, identified, annotated character,taught to his offspring and disciples etc. by which this classic book and its study can spread from then on for quite a long time always, forming the Ancient-character Analects school. As for the author of Kong interpretation kept in the Analects Annotation Collections, the scholars had much different opinions since Qing dynasty. With the recent research findings concerned in the academic field, after the deep research of the original book and the interpretation content, we think that is did by Kong Anguo, and it is the oldest Analects annotation book so far. This annotation is concise and elegant, focusing on the words and phrase interpretation, also considering the profound meaning, which supply a important lesson and sample for the researcher to interpreted Analects afterwards.The relationship between Kong Anguo and the ancient-character Xiaojing are very close, what he did for this book mainly include that he arranged the chapter, identified, annotated the character to be a text for people then to read easier, and taught it to his offspring among the Confucius family which is similar with what he did for the ancient-character Xiaojing, and the ancient-character Shangshu. In this process, he possibly did other things about the words and phrase interpretation and the profound meaning clarification, forming the ancient-character interpretation starting with Kong Anguo, i.e. the Kongzhuan of ancient-character Xiaojing which well known later on. In the period of Zhao Emperor reign, this book was dedicated to the court by the offspring of Kong Anguo who then occupied the Sanlao (an agent official responsible for edification the folk in many local areas) in Lu area, The Kongzhuan of ancient-character Xiaojing which we can see today had experienced a twisted and complicated process which was not forged by Japanese however, it directly originated from the edition of the Kongzhuan of ancient-character Xiaojing from Liu Xuan and later it came abroad between Sui dynasty and Tang dynasty or so. This book can not be written by Kong Anguo from many history records, the text content and its mode and style of writing. With consideration of the continuous succession of Confucius in Han dynasty, it is probably was written by the scholar in the Confucius family after a long-time of complement and improving basing on the explanation of ancient-character XiaojingKongzi-jiayu is a special book in which are about the thought and action of Confucius and his different generation of apprentices, unfortunately, it experienced a devious and misunderstanding process, and was regarded as "fake book" during long periods. The relationship between Kong Anguo and Kongzi-jiayu have been a doubted mass through the academic history for a relative long time.But when deeply researching the relationship between Wang Su and Kongzi-jiayu we think the two deficient viewpoints "supplement" and "forgery" are both not tenable in general, although they were popular from Qing dynasty on ever. Recently, there are the same text content in many kind of unearthed documents which can be found in Kongzi-jiayu of the edition which we can see now, here we will make some detailed and careful comparison and analysis in the paper mainly between the unearthed documents such as bamboo slips called "Ru Jia Zhe Yan", No.1 wooden slips (discovered from some ancient tombs and relics in Shuang gudui of Fuyang in Anhui province), "Min Zhi Fu Mu " (protected in Shanghai museum) and Kongzi-jiayu, by which we can prove that the material of Kongzi-jiayu text had its documental origin, its form did not like what many scholars ever advocated in the past that it copied other old similar texts such as "Dadai Liji", "Shuo Yuan". Besides, "Kong Anguo Prologue" in the last appendix of Kongzi-jiayu which we can see now, is an important document to research and verify Jiayu is true or false, from some side such as Kongzi-jiayu itself, traditional documents, unearthed documents, the specific details of Prologue, we can find that this prologue is true and reliable in general, its author should be Kong Anguo. So we also can know the specific relationship between Kong Anguo and Kongzi-jiayu:he ever sorted out 44 pieces of papers which now we can see in Jiayu from the copy text of those original bamboo slips that ever spread between late in Qin Dynasty and early in Han Dynasty, they generally include two parts:one part recorded "the words of Confucius and his first generation students, the history record of some vassal states", another part was related to "many chapters of Quli" littered among other books, he edited those records by certain norm and formed a volume of book, and wrote a prologue to introduce the whole process of formation specially, making the study of this book pass down by means of family learning up to the later time when Kong Meng lived.Kong Anguo is an excellent person of Confucius family, he had a very outstanding achievements for the family's learning which was created by Confucius in Pre-Qin period and inherited generation by generation among the family inside. The group of Confucius family scholars studied and spread Shangshu of two kinds of edition in current and ancient character, researched the ancient classical books, mastered Confucian literatures broadly, educated the offspring continuously like the fire is with wood in arms each other so that the Confucius family's learning developed greatly and presented a picture of prosperous outlook with abundant content and excellent achievements. Kong Anguo read lots of books widely, studied many Confucianism Classics, wholly succeed the ancestor's learning; and sorted out the ancient books of Kong Wall which supplied some important documental materials for the succession of the family learning, especially he praised highly and developed the ancient-character Classics study and maintained the purity of Confucius family learning. Moreover, Kong Anguo set an example and put into action by himself, he inspired the family members by virtue and knowledge, surely made a crucial contributions for the succession, developing and transmission of the Confucius family learning, so he was the transitional key man of the Confucius family's learning history in Han dynasty. We can see after him, many of his descendants from this Confucius family branch such as Kong Ang, Kong Yan, Kong Huan, Kong Zili, Kong Xi, Kong Jiyan etc. all passed down his learning, studied and taught the ancient-character Confucianism classics, they got considerable achievements and boosted the prosperity and developments of Confucius family's learning of Han dynasty.In short, Kong Anguo ever arranged the ancient books and edited Kongzi-jiayu protecting and sorting out the old history cultural classic books, also supply many valuable documental materials to the aftertimes. He was willing to be lonely and dedicated to study the books from Kong Wall, by which the mode of the ancient-character classics study formed gradually, and the new school (i.e. the ancient-character classics learning) developed and prospered at the same time, those things had a noticeable influence on Confucianism in Han dynasty. At the same time, he positively went on teaching and instructing others, imparted many Confucianism classic books, not only promoting the transmission and clarification of Confucianism essence, but also prompting the development of Jing study in Han dynasty.
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