Jung: Nature, Mind And Literature

As one of representatives of Psychoanalytic School, Jung proposed many important psychological thoughts.His theories inherited from Freud's psychological thoughts,at the same time,he made deeper study in human unconscious and the relationships between unconscious and Nature and Universe.Jung's literary theories had a profound impact in literature.He not only found collective unconscious that buried under the individual unconscious,but elaborated the inherent relationships between human mind and Universe and Nature.Jung's literary thoughts are of great significance to save the spiritual crisis of modern man,remodel new relationships between human mind and Universe and Nature and the eco-turn of literature, etc.The dissertation studies Jung's literary psychological thoughts from the point of view of Nature,human mind and literature.In his ecological thoughts,the status and the relationships of the three are the crux problem.Nature which is the base of literature and human mind, not only accumulate the collective spirit of literary works,but determine authorr's writing psychology. From generalized dimension of human collective mind,the impact of Nature on literature is the manifestation of human collective mind,the ecological spirit of literature comes from human collective soul.All these thoughts compose the elements of Jung's ecological thoughts.Firstly, the dissertation overviews Jung's literary thoughts.The core is that the impact of collective unconscious theory and complex theory on literature and authers' psychology.And initially studies the value and significance of Jung's literary thoughts on literature and arts in ecology.Collective unconscious theory and complex theory are two important theories in Jung's psychological thoughts,they express Jung's spirit ecological thoughts in psychology of works and authors' psychology.On the one hand,the main content of collective unconscious is archetype,archetypes come from Nature.The archetype images of literature express the impact of Nature on human mind.Especially in the level of collective unconscious,archetype images embody a nation's spirit,and the psychological contents of archetype cover the nation's understanding of Nature and Universe.On the other hand,complex is the manifestation of authers' psychological characteristics, however,it is beyond authers' individual unconscious,and it is the care of authers' mind on nation's spirit and even human spirit.At the same time,authers' complex is the projection of eco-spirit.From an ecological point of view, the transcendence of Jung's literary thoughts to Freud is the spirit of ecological thoughts in Jung's literary psychology theories.On the problem of the relationships between spirit and Nature,the discovery of collective unconscious by Jung is beyond the horizon of Freud's individual unconscious theory.On the basis of negative psychological orientation of anthropocentrism, study the inherent relationships between human mind and spirit of Nature and Universe.Through Evolution and modern anthropological theory,Jung traced the living wisdom of primitive.He thought that archtype is the symbol of living wisdom of primitive,and Nature plays a decisive role in the process of the formation of the human soul. Archtypes in literature and artistic works are the manifestation of the wisdom.On the basis of an overview of Jung's literary psychological thoughts,the dissertation focuses on the the status of Nature in Jung's literary psychological thoughts.In Jung's literary psychological thoughts, Nature is closely related to the human mind,Nature and Nature spirit have a major impact on human mind.The impact is reflected in two important theories of Jung's(collective unconscious theory and complex theory), which reflect the spirit of Jung's concern for human mind,especially modern psychiatric disease.The effect is a treatment for modern psychiatric disease, and revises the status of Nature in human mind and the relationships between human and other species of Nature.Furthermore,in Jung's view,Nature plays an important role in the formation of the human mind.Human spirit is from the most primitive natural spirit,from the point of view of collective unconscious,human spirit can not be separated from the ecological spirit.So, Jung's eco-spirit is manifested in ecological thought of archetypes and the influence of which in the literary works.Different from ration and science, literature is not reflected in the needs of human consciousness and intellect, but the contents of the unconscious, which is depends largely on the influence of Spirit of nature and the universe on human soul.Its original form, such as legends, ancient ritual, and fantasy and so on, are all derived from nature. On the one hand, archetypes in literature symbolize initial relationships of human mind and Nature,and reflect the blot in human collective memories left by Nature. On the other hand, from human mind, literary works come from Nature,they are from human collective unconscious that is under the influence of Nature, it can be called Ecological unconscious. As the combination of ecological thought and Jung's collective unconscious, ecological unconscious has great significance to explain the inherent relationships between literary works and Nature and ecology.Furthermore, as an important application of Jung's psychological thoughts in literary criticism, archetypal criticism manifests many spirit ecological thoughts.The influence of Jung's ecological thoughts is reflected in his study on the inherent relationships of human mind(including the authers' psychology) and Nature.Firstly, for authers' psychology.The authers' writing activities are impacted by ecological unconscious.Whether regression conscious or escape complex,both come from the induction of authers to Nature.Secondly, for the influence on human collective psychology.Jung clearly saw that the crisis of modern mind was from the lost of human soul by themselves.The thoughts coincide with the post-modern theory.In many of the theory of post-modern philosophers represented by David Griffin, we can also see the influence of the spirit of Jung. So, Jung's ecological thoughts have deep impact on postmodern thoughts.For the eco-turn of literature,Jung's ecological thoughts excite regression and longing for the Nature in the depth of human mind, literature turns to Nature and ecology express the inherent relationships of Nature and human mind. Under the guidance of unconscious spirit,human philosophy, literature spirit and soul shift to a new direction, the core of the new value shift is the new relationship of human and nature and the universe.At last,the dissertation makes study on the literary practice of Jung's ecological thoughts.A typical example is the creative experience of magic realism authors.For example,Garcia Marquez's Hundred Years of Solitude, Borges's poems,etc.It can be said that the Latin American magic realism authors take many literary activities to put Jung's ecological thoughts in practice, and the relationships of human spirit and Nature spirit in the depth of collective unconscious.In the writing process,they always combine history, destiny of the nation, as well as fantasy, myth with the spirit of nature and the universe, create magical and grotesque literary images These images can be traced back to the distant past, with Highly symbolic. They accommodate the double understanding of the authorr on the human spiritual world and nature and the universe,reflect the exploration of author for the relationship between human and nature. The all are also depend on the influence of the Ecological-unconscious on the soul of authorr. At the same time, these works have many ecological thoughts,and reflect the attention of ecological authors to the destiny of human and nation and the spirit of Nature and Universe.