Xunzi's Management Thought

Selecting Xunzi's management thought as a research project aims at tapping the traditional management theory, showing the charm of Chinese management culture, promoting the sustainable development of Chinese management culture. At the same time, we look forward to be considering the Chinese management culture as the background, so as to look closely at the Western management thought, and do useful work for the establishment of a new era of development in line with the requirements management with Chinese characteristics.The modern value of traditional philosophy depends on our understanding objectively and exploration deeply. The review on tradition should be based on the real needs, so as to enhance the contribution of traditional culture to the reality. Since the Qin Dynasty, we had gradually built up a wealth of Chinese management culture. In particular, the Confucian management thought for social order and national development promoted the stable development of feudal society at more than 2000 years, and made Chinese managerial pattern become increasingly mature, affected deeply the lifestyle and values of the Chinese nation. Since the reform and opening up, along with the development of commodity economy and the market economy, Chinese managerial theory and practice at present considered the West management to be the main standard, ignored inertia effect and Great potentialities of the Confucian management thought, and thus we can not correctly judge the gain and loss of traditional managerial pattern. Blind imitation to western managerial pattern made Chinese management culture alienate Chinese with own culture environment, and with the Chinese lifestyle and value appeal, and thus not be conducive to the sustainable development of Chinese management culture and the establishment of managerial pattern with Chinese characteristics at this stage. Therefore, we have to re-examine our national culture, to find the outstanding factor of Confucian management culture, achieve the desired value in the modern management practice, and make its inherent charm become obvious in globalization, and promote the sustainable development of Chinese culture.Managerial theory of Confucian after long-term accumulation has formed an idealogical system plentifully. Xunzi as representative of Confucianism served as a link between past and future, he was thoroughly acquainted with the other schools, and represented the highest achievement at the time. His management thought retained the original features of Confucian management culture, while opened the future, and affected the development of the following the Han Dynasty. We believe that the research about the management thought of Xunzi should be one of the best starting points, if we want to look at the Confucian thought or its future direction and the contribution about the Chinese management culture. Moreover, Xunzi's ideology contained a wealth of management thought; it should prove beneficial not only to the political practice of modern management, but also to the economic practice of modern society. To absorb the excellent ingredients will be very useful for exploring and establishing the management culture with Chinese characteristics.This paper discussed the philosophical basis of Xunzi's management thought, investigated the Significance of management thought. By "knowing the heaven", Xunzi stressed the meaning of the heavens and the earth as the premise of management and importance of natural law, and by "no-seeking-knowledge for the heaven" determined the direction of management, and pointed out that man's dynamic role and scrupulously abiding by the laws of nature was two aspects of mutual restraint in the management. On this basis, by explaining the concept of "different duty between human and heaven", Xunzi further formed the subject and object of management, set up the core position of the people in the management, and was also fully aware of man's managerial responsibility to the natural order as the management subject. In the end, his theory that was from "different duty between human and heaven" tend to "interaction between human and Heaven" was clear about the value pursuit and proper orientation of management practices. In Xunzi's view, the management shoud not produce conflict between the heaven and man because of man's blind extracting to nature, but a kind of harmony based on the different duties clearly, the reproduction of a total of ordering both nature and human society.The theory of human essence is the one of philosophical basis importantly of Xunzi's management thought. Xunzi stressed self-transformation to evil-nature on the importance of establishing social order, emphasized the necessity of management in human society. On this basis, Xunzi advocated improving human nature, and reveals the value of "Man-made". By revealing the role of social customs, Xunzi vividly illustrated the value of management and the value orientation of management on the significance protecting the social order. He believed that managers could beautify and unify social customs by educating with ritual, purify the social environment, achieve the purpose of administering the society with less cost.Th pattern of organization management about "Ming-fen and Shi-qun" is the important part of Xunzi's management ideology. Xunzi put forward a "righteous duty" as the basic principles of organization management, and expanded it, and constructed the system that contained one's duty, duty equally, duty respectfully, duty controlly, duty offically, established a criss-cross pattern of the organizational structure, layed a foundation for the management order. At the same time, by revealing the potential properties of "Neng-qun" that people possess, Xunzi proposed specific and effective measures to the elite management from two aspects of "Jun-tao" and "Chen-tao", demonstrated the basis organizational effectiveness can generate. Xunzi believed that "Neng-qun" was the organizational ability that integrates effectively various resources, successful organizational management could take full advantage of the whole society's human and natural resources and made optimal state, made the people live together in harmony.The realization of the management value depends on the effective mathod. In this regard, Xunzi put forward management method combined the ritual and law, and considered them to be different in effect, methods, objects and realm of management, but it was also complementary. Effective methods serviced in the fixed objectives, Xunzi proofed the management objectives from "righteousness" and "benefit", and the one hand, he affirms the group's pursuiting behavior to profit, Points out that the reasonableness as the socio-economic objectives made the people and country rich, "all the rich up and down"; On the other hand, stressed the justice importance for the social development and national stability, justice-based ethical goals would be placed based on economic targets in order to avoid the objectives alienation. Profit and justice interactively ensured the material basis of the target and the right direction, the objectives that people is rich and the world is peace will be achieved, and ultimately realizes Xunzi's "the system of sage King".As one of the main representative of Confucianism, Xun Zi's management thought also has unique and rich contemporary significance, mainly in the following four areas: Firstly, advanced ecological management's ideology; secondly, the superior thinking of social customs; In the third, rational conception of sub-groups; finally, the dialectical thought included well-off people and protecting desires.