The Logic Of Meaning Critique

The central work in this paper is to explore ontological interpretation of Marx's dialectics. Choosing this perspective basically has the following two reasons. Firstly, dialectics is the logic of seeking meanings when it emerged originally. Seeking and criticizing the meanings of being are dialectics'inherent tasks. However, in the realism interpretation principle's view, dialectics are the rules and laws of objective reality. In the epistemological interpretation principle's view, dialectics are the negative products which are produced by the dislocation between cognitive forms and cognitive objects. Interpreted by the two principles, dialectics'inherent meaning dimension is covered. Therefore, we must explore a new interpretation principle to reveal the meaning dimension of dialectics. Secondly, the central task of ontology is to clarify the meanings of being, and this task of ontology can not only overcome the realism's"forgotten"of the meanings of being, and also can resolve the epistemology's"incompetence"of the meanings of being. So to interpret Marx's dialectics by the view of ontology can overcomes the limitations of realism and epistemology and can illustrates the meaning dimension of dialectics.Before making an ontological interpretation of Marx's dialectics, we must clear the premise of the interpretation. The confluence of dialectics and ontology accomplished by Hegel is just the premise of this interpretation. The reason is that before Marx Hegel has accomplished the ontological interpretation of dialectics. When Hegel regards the dialectical contradiction as the self-negative of life and the inevitable results life's meanings of being, Hegel has treated the dialectics by ontological way, and has achieved the confluence of dialectics and ontology. Accordingly, Hegel's dialectics become to be the logic of ontology, and his ontology become to the ontology of logic.The thought background in Hegel's time decides that the main problems that Hegel's dialectics wants to resolve are the meaning and worth, not the reality and cognition. On the platform of life principle and life ontology, Hegel gives a new basis, a new negative form and a new Purport to the traditional dialectics, so dialectics gets the unprecedented enrichment of meaning and worth, and becomes to be the logic to clarify the meanings of being. There are three points can explain Hegel dialectics'ontological contents: Firstly, the ontological basis of Hegel's dialectics is Life-idea. Life-idea's vitality is reflected in its conscious of human being's spirit activities and its characterization of the life's meanings of being. Based on the basis of Life-idea, dialectics changes from the negative logic of epistemology to the positive logic of ontology. Secondly, the negative nature of Hegel's dialectics is the self-negative and inner-transcend based on the ontological basis. The inner contradictions of Life-idea reflect the contradictions of life being, which is the contradiction between the limitation of life and the infinity of life. Therefore, the negative of dialectics reflects the tension between the specificity of life's reality and the universality of life's meaning. Accordingly, the negative of Hegel's dialectics is the ontological negative. Thirdly, Hegel dialectics'ontological basis and ontological negative decide that Hegel dialectics'ontological purport is not to describe the objective reality and is not to acknowledge the reality by science methods. Hegel dialectics'purport is to participate the generation and construction of the meanings of being, so that everything gets the meaning root from God.The transformation of dialectics achieved by Hegel impacts Marx'dialectics deeply. Firstly, considering the aspect of ontological basis, Marx inherits the initiative of Hegel dialectics'ontological basis, and changes it from the spirit initiative to the praxis initiative, so that dialectics changes from the thought connotation-logic to the existence connotation-logic. Accordingly, dialectics characterize the human being's existence as the paradox logic with actual forms, rather than as the paradox logic with ideal forms. The transformation of the dialectics'ontological basis is the result of the transformation of dialectics'interpreting principle, and the innovation of dialectics'ontological basis made by Marx'praxis interpreting principle is the transformation from spirit initiative to praxis initiative .And than, considering the aspect of negative form of dialectics, Hegel dialectics and Marx's dialectics have different negative forms because of the different ontological basis. The negative form of Hegel dialectics is to inner-transcend the abstract reason——"intellectuality", but the negative form of Marx's dialectics is to inner-collapse the abstract existence——"capital". Marx describes the progress of capital logic in Capital, which is just the description of the existence condition of human being. This kind of description reflects the ontological character of Marx's dialectics, and the ontological critique of capital logic is Marx's dialectics'unique appearance mode.Lastly, the unity of history and logic is the basic idea that Marx inherits from Hegel, Hegel's the unity of history and logic is"the logical interpretation of history", and Marx's the unity of history and logic is"the historical interpretation of logic". From"the logical interpretation of history"to"the historical interpretation of logic", the dialectics'reflects the changes of dialectics'purport. History is mystified because of"the historical interpretation of logic". Under Hegel dialectics'speculative appearance, it hides the incarnation of Jesus, and the redemption plot of Christian. However,"the historical interpretation of logic"provides the Historical-materialism horizon to logic, so that dialectics extricate itself from the restraints of Hegel's divinity history, and changes from the divinity logic to the humanity logic. Consequently, the logic is not the history's specification and mode, but is the inevitable result of history's clarifying itself. So the unity of logic and history is not united by the human being's spirit activities, but is united by the human being's sensible activities, Correspondingly, history is also not the tool and platform that are used to accomplish the redemption will of God, but is only the activities of the human being who want to achieve their own aims, and this aim is just the self-liberation which belongs to all the human being. Generally speaking, the ontological interpretation makes we found that Marx's dialectics provides us a new word-view as the ontological logic. In the ontological horizon Marx's dialectics does not criticize the objective reality, but criticizes the meanings of being, and in fact, Marx criticizes the objective reality by criticizing the meanings of being. Marx changes the word that is not the sum of all the objective reality, but is the meaning totality of being. So in Marx's sight, the world is the meaning world, in other word, Marx's changing the real world depends on his changing the meaning world. In the horizon of Marx philosophy, dialectics criticizes the objective reality by establishing a new meaning totality, so that dialectics leads the changes of reality by this meaning totality. Because the meaning totality is always the result of the human being's praxis activities, the worldview of Marx's dialectics is always the worldview belongs to the human being, and the revolution of Marx's dialectics is essentially to return the inhuman worldview to human. Marx's worldview revolution decides that the critique of the reality world and the critique of meaning world are united. As far as Marx dialectics concerned, the meaning critique always leads the reality critique, and the reality critique is always permeated the meaning critique. The ontological interpretation wants to reveal the possibility that Marx dialectics is the unity of meaning critique and reality critique.