Dongyi Culture Archaeological Research

The Dongyi culture in the period of Xia Shang and Zhou dynasties experienced the progress of formation , development , evolution and integration into Huaxia group culture .The contacting between Dongyi and dynasties of Xia Shang and Zhou in politics, the military, the economy and culture affected vicissitude of its own that reflected from a side the growth history of Huaxia group and the dynasties of Xia Shang and Zhou. The influence of Xia Shang and Zhou dynasties in politics and the military spread to the eastern area, which has the major impact on this area's society and the culture development process. Huaxia group with nation strength as a backing had formed gradually superiority to Dongyi. Under this frame of superiority , Dongyi culture and crowd's melting with Huaxia had been carried out .When dealing with the relations with other groups ,the dynasties of central plain as the leading force focused their minds on establishing own political authority, eliminating the security threat and guaranteeing stable resources deriving. Dongyi as edge crowd must adjust its own development to the strategy of core area. This dissertation on research of Dongyi culture based on archaeology material and the related literature record inspects the historical development of Dongyi culture and crowd in central - edge pattern.This dissertation is divided into six chapters.The first chapter is the introduction: The primary coverage includes macroscopic review of research history on Dongyi culture and the concept limits of"Dongyi"as well as studies key and goal of the dissertation. Dongyi in this dissertation refers to the Eastern culture and the crowd in the pattern of"the central - edge", not only the people of the Eastern. From the later period of Longshan time to Erlitou cultural time in the area of Middle and lower Yellow River, the xia dynasty had established own absolute central position, at the same time the people in the surrounding areas had been transformed into the border crowds."Dongyi"was formed under this background, which influenced the development of Dongyi in a long time.The second chapter is for archaeology analysis of Yueshi culture. It discusses the stages, the age, the types and the origin of Yueshi culture, and the relations between the various types of Yueshi culture and the neighboring culture. YueShi culture can be divided into four periods, from the phaseâ…¡of erlitou culture to the early phaseâ…¡of shang culture. According to the current material, Yueshi culture consists of four our types, namely zhaogezhuang type, yinjiacheng type, haojiazhuang type and anqiugudui type. various types may also differentiate different subtypes, the analysis of YueShi culture is based on the four big place types.The third chapter discusses Dongyi culture in the period of shang and zhou dynasties. DongYi cultural development sequence after YueShi culture was vague in the former research. Based on comprehensive collecting material as far as possible, Dongyi culture in the period of shang and zhou dynasties is divided into three stages from the early phaseâ…¢of shang culture to the late western zhou , including the phaseâ…¡of zhishui remains, zhenzhumen culture and nanhuangzhuang culture. Previous research, mostly focused on zhenzhumen culture, haven't noticed the the phaseâ…¡of zhishui remains, or have considered it zhenzhumen culture. In this dissertation, the phaseâ…¡of zhishui remains is discussed as a kind of culture on the age and period stages.The fourth chapter is for DongYi culture development: cultural and social development characteristics of DongYi culture are analyzed. It discusses the specific historical content of various remains by the relevant theory of anthropology. During the transformation process between Shandong longshan culture and YueShi culture, there was a stagnant phenomenon of society in the eastern region, a complex society has collapsed. Segment structure became the social phenomenon of the eastern region. The branches of Dongyi had a lower level in political development and gradually lapsed into recession because of the lack of integration.The fifth chapter focuses on the relationship between Dongyi and Xia, shang and zhou dynasties. Every major cultural development process of Dongyi culture was closely related to the changes of political, military situation of the central plains, the external environment provides the power for the cultural development of Dongyi. Oriental region strategy of Xia, shang and zhou dynasties caused the ups and downs of DongYi culture development and changes in the forms of culture. In the early Xia dynasty, the political changes caused with"Houyi,Hanzhuo dai xia"and"shaokangzhongxing"lead to long-term war and political activities between Xia and Dongyi, leaving a mass of history records which constituted an important part of history."Jiuyi"is the result of political activities of Xia dynasty in the Oriental area, the strategies of Xia dynasty influenced the development of society of Dongyi and made the differences between Xia and Dongyi, genuine "DongYi" appeared in the eastern China. From the turn of Xia and Shang dynasties to the early shang dynasty, based on the occasion of the long-term cultural contact between yi and shang, Dongyi occupies an important position in the political and military system dominated by shang people, and achieved unprecedented opportunities for development, Dongyi culture entered a obvious rising stage and produced widespread influences upon the foreign area. In the early phaseâ…¢of shang culture, with the growing of shang dynasty, the new relationships between the center and the edge became the mainstream for shang and yi. Shang dynasty expanded the military and politics strength to the eastern region, which caused the evolution of Dongyi culture, Dongyi culture transformed into the phaseâ…¡of zhishui remains and moved back to Jiaodong area. With the further expansion of shang dynasty to the north of Shandong in the phaseâ… of Yinxu culture, which aimed at obtaining the sea salt resources, shang dynasty got in touch with Dongyi again, at the same time the phaseâ…¡of zhishui remains began to transform into zhenzhumen culture. From the turn of shang and zhou dynasties to the middle zhou, political changes of central plains provided opportunities for zhenzhumen culture to strengthen the external influence in the north of Shandong, DongYi native cultural factors increasingly merged with shang and zhou culture. In the middle of western zhou, the political, military influence of zhou dynasty were extended to the jiaodong area. zhenzhumen culture transformed into nanhuangzhang culture that was compressed to the southeast corner jiaodong peninsula. DongYi and Huaxia group inally completed the merging course.The sixth chapter for main contents of full-text epilogue: to summarize the relationship between DongYi and Xia, shang and zhou dynasties, and the reason of success for Huaxia group in exploring the eastern region.