Tang Dynasty Chang'an, Sha Chau And West State Of Hu Public Buddhist Believe In Research

By using historical data and the unearthed literatures, this paper makes a research of description, analyses and comprehension about the Buddhism belief of the Hu and Han peoples in the region of Changan, Xizhou, Shazhou and so on in Tang Dynasty. Populace's religion belief belongs to the research field of religious social history research, so the research in this paper develops with the Buddhism belief of the Hu and Han peoples in a certain area. The core of the research focuses on the god system, the religious sects, as well as the Buddhism influence to the populace life.The introductory firstly makes a narration about the significance and the anticipated target of the topic, believing that the religious social history research will be the hot spot in future, and on the request of the specialized discipline, the author chose the Buddhism belief of the Hu and Han peoples as the research orientation. Secondly, this part has made a brief introduction about the former researches of this selected topic made by other scholars, finding it is challenging to choose the topic as the research for there being only a few related papers and monograph. Thirdly, the author introduces the research technique in this paper:it mainly utilizes the history the research technique, namely carrying on the elaboration through the literature material and the unearthed cultural relics. Finally, a brief introduction has been made about the questions possibly appearing in the study, and methods dealing with them are proposed in the end.Chapter I is the research about the Buddhism belief of the Hu and Han Peoples in Changan area. Paragraph I first makes a summery about the geography situation and the nationality outlines in Changan area. The second paragraph narrates the Buddhism belief of the Han and Hu people utilizing Quantangwen, the inscription of Tang Dynasty as well as the literature materials, such as notes and legends written by the people in Tang Dynasty, including the gods they believe in, the Buddhism sects. The Buddhism classics they read and the influence of Buddhism to the folk social life; third paragraph makes an explanation and analyses about the influence of heathenism in Buddhism belief of the people, trying to make a comprehensive understanding about the populace's religion of the people in Tang Dynasty.The style of the second chapter is similar to the first chapter, with the diversity of the utilization about the materials. This chapter has utilized Dunhuang unearthed literature and the religion prayer anthology written and edited by the people of our times. It makes analyses about the Buddhism belief of the Hu and Han people in Shazhou area in the Tang Dynasty, including the gods they believe in, the sects and the classics they read, by utilizing prayer articles as well as the prefatory remarks about the writing of religion classics and the prefatory remarks by the providers. It also elaborates the Buddhism influence to the local populace social life.The third chapter does not follow the style of the former two chapters to analyze the Buddhism belief of the people in Xizhou separately because of the lack of the related literature material, the obscurity of the location of Gaochang area in Tang Dynasty. This chapter only summarized the Buddhism belief of the Hu and Han people in the area by dividing the history into two phases with the foundation of Gaochang Huihu Kindom as the dividing line. In addition, it also elaborates the influence of other religions to populace Buddhism belief, to make a better understanding about the populace's religious belief of the people in Xizhou.The religion may be divided into two kinds:the institution religion and the non-institution religion. The ordinary populace does not care about the great number of Buddhism gods, the large amount of the classics, or the complexity of the sects; their starting point is the practical of the religions. It is only because the religion can satisfy the specific demands and expectation of happy life that the special gods, the classics and the sects are popular in the Hu and Han people. Thus it can be seen that in Tang Dynasty, Hu and Han people has very strong utilitarian and usable color in the belief of Buddhism. It also explains the transfonnation in the religious doctrine and principles when it went into the world from beyond the world was the reason why the Buddhism was widely believed in the populace in Tang Dynasty.