Logic Of Cultural Change

Cultural change in the human history is an eternal phenomenon,from the whole process and overall trend of human social development,any country's, national and group's cultures are all in the process of production, development, change and regression.When the human comes into the modernization and the historical process of world-system, a variety of regional, ethnic, national relatively independent cultural patterns have changed dramatically in large-scale due to cultural contact and acculturation.Being faced with rapidly cultural change,theory community has proposed various viewpoints to explain it,these viewpoints have revealed some of the cultural nature characteristics , developmental Laws and causes.Evolution,CommunicationTheory,HistoricalRelativism,Functionalis m,the theory of Community School, the theory of Acculturation, etc.have raised their own viewpoints of effective explanatory power.However, these theories do not reveal the "life" source of the cultural change from the local perspective of the masses ' practice of everyday life, that is, they do not fully display the important role which people's "life reason" plays in the cultural change process,while they often biased towards emphasizing the influence of the external social environment on cultural change.Therefore, this article is from the perspective of relationship between culture and secular life,pointing out that the "life reason" is the subjective and internal root to lead to cultural change.life reason is also some value orientations and principles of conduct which form in the process of dealing with the relationship between man and nature, man and the supernatural, interpersonal, man and culture,and these principles include actively adapt to and change the historical tradition and reality, the pursuit of certain values of things ,and the achievement of greater efficacy.Thus, life reason is an intellectual force to guide people to adjust their ideas and behaviors to adapt to the natural social environment and self-needs, and is a conscious thought and behavioral attitude to create, use cultural things to serve for specific life.life reason is rooted in the secular life practice, and reflects the masses' various real needs such as clothing, food, housing, transportation, entertainment and other material and spiritual aspects.And life reason is also a basic concept and code of conduct for the secular, specific,and changing needs.The author belieyes that the definition of "life reason" has the folloWing explanations.Firstly,it can reveal the important influence of human subjective initiative arising from the process of culture emerging and changing,overcome the faults that the former theories emphasize the decisive role of the external environment to cultural change,and neglect the active role of man in culcural change.the AuthOr believes that cultural systems are not only rooted in the external factors formed in the changes of age,environment,but also they are inseparable from "human's" subjective initiative by which mankind carry out the changes.only by thoroughly analyzing person's subjective body action logic and concept schema,can we reveal the true source and the specific scenarios of cultural change.Secondly,life reason lays a foundation in the people's real life needs, it is a leading and instructive power to protect these needs to achieve,and under its effect,the cultural systems and cultural things are created and changed.In this sense,the concept of life reason reveals the cultural living property,hat is,culture is not only the means and tools of meeting people's needs,but also the lifestyles for people's subjective choices,and it forms a natural blending,mutual inter-structure relationship with people's life.So it shows that the fundamental driving force for me production and development of cultures is the person's individuality,social needs and their changes,Cultural vitality,dynamism lies in people's real life which has a continuing demand for cultural objects.Thirdly,1ife reason also reveals that the true masters of the national culture are the local masses.When the masses no longer regard the old cultural things as the means for their lives,the original cultural value and significance will also disappear,the cultural patterns will also be faced with the fate of being abandoned,so new cultural objects will be created or introduced.This paper sees the national cultural change in Zhenshan village,Huaxi town,in Guiyang City,Guizhou Province as a case,explores the relationship between cultural change and human behaviors,and demonstrates the logic of the national cultural modern changes leaded by the human reason. In Introduction,the author sets out the main thrust of this paper which is to explore the dialectical relationship between culture and human reason,develop the related theoretical viewpoints of cultural change,show the subjective efforts undertaken by human in the process of cultural change,and demonstrate its active function and dominant position.In addition, the introduction also summarizes the relevant research of cultural change,and analyzes the instructive meaning of the relevant research about this article.At last, the introduction makes a brief introduction of the primary research methods and basic contents.In Chapterâ… , the author outlines the town's social history and development status,and introduces its natural environment, which presents the natural and social backgrounds from which cultural change of Zhenshan Village arises.In Chapterâ…¡, the author describes the Village's traditional production, livelihood methods, and outlines their diversity changes arising from the conditions in modern society.It was this historical change of the basic means of livelihood that fundamentally led to the huge, whole social changes in the village.In Chapterâ…¢, in Zhenshan Village, the transformation of society is firstly reflected in their traditional food culture changes, the traditional brewing techniques and drinking customs are faced the fate of collapse.In Chapterâ…£, Buyi's traditional costumes and wearing customs, with ethnic characteristics, are faced with faults and transmission difficulties due to the acceleration of social integration with the mainstream society.In Chapterâ…¤, the village's wooden and brick-wood buildings preserved better from Ming and Qing Dynasty slow down the process of being abandoned due to the state's protection policies,however, the housing pressure due to population growth and the demand for housing reconstruction for tourism development are still posing a threat to the survival and protection of the traditional houses.In Chapterâ…¥, arranged marriages, complicated marriages, rituals ceremonies of marriage are the main features of the traditional love and marriage customs of the village,but modern lifestyles and value identity is leading the traditional cultural practices of love and marriage to tremendous changes, the pursuit of free and modern love is changing the content and form of traditional love and marriage.In Chapter VII, the folk beliefs might retains a traditional form, but both the funeral customs and traditional taboos in the belief are faced with the modern rational challenge of disenchantment".In Chapter VIII, the sharp drop in the number of participants, the decline in enthusiasm, and the atmosphere is not thick, all of these can be said that they are a modern encounter with traditional festivals.Large numbers of people from outside the village, the erosion of modern way of life undoubtedly have caused the festival "bleak" scene.In Chapter IX, myths and legends ever were delivered from generation to generation in the village, but now they face the risk of being lost,perhaps, every era has its own "myths and legends,"so the lost of the traditional oral cultures is difficultly avoided.In Chapter X, language is one of the most fundamental symbols of a nation, while the Buyi language in the village appears a fault and extinction trend.The older are unwilling to teach, the children are unwilling to learn, the "useless" in modern social communication, all these show the difficult historical transmission situation of the Buyi language.In Conclusion, the modern changes of the village's traditional culture arose from age, social transformation and their results which are brought about by people's values and behavior changes.From an objective perspective, it was the economic life and social change that have resulted in it, and from a subjective perspective, it was the people's life reason that has guided the people to adapt to the times, changed their attitudes and behavior.