Jianzhou Jurchen, The Ming Pre-historical Research

Qing Dynasty is the last feudal dynasty in Chinese history, and was established by the northern ethnic group—Manchues. The history before its entering the Shanhai Pass is called "Pre-history of the Qing Dynasty", which means the rise of the Qing forces in history. The formation of the Qing forces is a historical process, which includes the process from the history of" Jianzhou Nuzhen ", and then to a national community which is called "Manchues", and finally to the "Qing forces".These three are the products of continuous development of the "Pre-history of the Qing Dynasty" period.This thesis focuses on the early development of the Jianzhou Nuzhen, and attempting to explore this issue from the process of the construction, development to its decline. This article covers the first year of Hongwu period(1368) in Ming Dynasty to the third year of Chenghua period (1467), which includes one-hundred-year history.ChapterⅠuses the existing information and researched results to do some research on some specific issues of Jianzhou Nuzhen, such as the original address of the location and its changes. As well this thesis is attempting to make comments on Mr. Meng Sen's groundbreaking research on the ancestor of the Emperor's family in Qing Dynasty.ChapterⅡfocuses on the issues of the establishment and formation of Jianzhou Wei, Maolian Wei and Jianzhouzuo Wei in Yongli period. The establisnment of the above three Wei is a symbol of the group of Jianzhou Nuzhen。ChapterⅢfocuses on the developing process of Jianzhou Nuzhen. In Yong Le period, Jianzhou Nuzhen followed Emperor Yongle to conquer the Mongolia. In Hongxi and Xuande periods, Jianzhou Nuzhen moved to Pozhu River. Monge Temur-the leader of Jianzhouzuo Wei helped the Ming government to pacify a beyrayed armyman--Yangnmudawu, and at last he himself and his eldest son were killed by Yang. After Monge's death, the Ming government settled another Wei-Jianzhouyou Wei.ChapterⅣfocuses on the decline period of Jianzhou Nuzhen. In Tianshun and Chenhua periods, Fancha, Dong Shan and Li Manzhu were the leaders of Jianzhou San Wei. Because of their greed, they led their group people to invaded and robbed in Korea and Liaodong in China. The Ming army jointed Korean forces to crusade against Jianzhou Nuzhen. Dongshan and Li Manzhu were killed in this battle. This led Jianzhou Nuzhen once in decline.The last part is attachments, including two articles, discussing the issues of the source term, time of occurrence and significance of Manchu, and the ancestors, the heritage of the Aixinjueluo family. And also analyzes and evaluates Mr. Meng Sen's the point of view.The early historuy of Jianzhou Nuzhen influnced the history of not only the Qing Dynasty, but also the procession of China.