The Research On The Central Administrative Setup Of New China From 1949 To 1954

In the history of the People's Republic of China, the system of the State Council has been established since 1954 when the constitution was enacted. Before that, China established the Government Administration Council as the system of government. The dissertation takes the system of the Government Administration Council which was practiced from 1949 to 1954 as the main object of study. On one hand, the dissertation discusses the whole course of establishing, operating, adjusting and changing which happened to the central administrative setup. On the other hand, it also analyses the inner structure and the operational mechanism of the central administrative setup. On the bases of the above work, the dissertation analyses the basic feature, the problems and the historical function of the central administrative setup practiced from 1949 to 1954.At the founding of New China, our country established and carried out the system of the Government Administration Council according to "the common programme" and "the organic law for the Central People's Government". As the highest organ of state administration, the Government Administration Council was established and put into force immediately. As ruling party, the leadership given by the Communist Party of China had been mainly political from 1949 to 1952. So the Government Administration Council had certain centralized administrative powers during that time. Since the latter half of 1952, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China had begun to adjust CPC and administration institutions for twice, which lead to the centralized leadership between the Party and the government. As the result, the inner structure and the operational mechanism of the central administrative setup were changed greatly. When the constitution was enacted in 1954, the system of the State Council was established formally. Although the system of the Government Administration had only been practiced during the time from 1949 to 1954, it was very effective in ensuring the setup and development of all kinds of work of New China. At the meanwhile, the system of the Government Administration Council from 1949 to 1954 laid the primary foundations for the central administrative setup in the future.Also, the dissertation takes it as a breakthrough point—what Prime Minister Zhou Enlai had done and what role he played during the progress of establishing and changing of the central administrative setup. As the first Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China, Zhou Enlai made great contributions to the setup of central government. Before the founding of New China, he took charge of the preparatory work for Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and draw up of "the common programme". After the founding of the People's Republic, he led the establishment of operation of the Government Administration Council. So it's necessary to make an objective evaluation on the work and part did by Zhou Enlai. The dissertation tries to make a proper combination of the study of the system of government and historical figures which could bring out the best in each other.