Study Of The Political Thought Of Aristotles

Aristotles'political thought is the highest achievement of ancient Greece. It is a summary of the ancient political culture. Do not understand politics and political culture of ancient Greece, you can not understand the political thought of Aristotles.The basic features of political thought of Aristotles are not extreme, respecting for common sense, adjusting the revolution to prevent conflicts of interest, to maintain political stability.The ancient Greek democracy should be called'slavery democracy'instead of'slave owners democracy'. Because whether a person has citizenship and whether he is the master of the'polis'don't rely on whether he is a slave owner.'Slavery'is the ancient mode of production. By the same token, the modern Western'capitalist democracy'should not be called'bourgeois democracy'.British modern thinker, Karl Popper identified the abolition of slavery in ancient Athens, close to the radical view is an unrealistic speculation, and there is sufficient proof of the fact that Athens has its very inhumanity of slavery side.Slaves are speaking tools, which is only one version of Aristotle on slaves, not all of his understanding about the slaves.The man is a political animal, the state is the Commonwealth of free and equal citizens, the state's function is to rules of procedure, administrative and judicial, which can be regarded as the most positive thoughts of Aristotles'theory of state. Aristotles on the city-state is a citizen of the Commonwealth's claim still serves as a source corporatism, but which is Rawls's explicit opposition.Aristotles'theory on the middle class and citizens basically fits modern political theory, which can be considered as the emergent wisdom of his political and ideological characteristics. Middle class is the power of political stability, which has become an axioms for modern politics. Benefit analysis is the first analysis of political science. Middle-class theory and modern theory of class, as the basic methods of political analysis are all areas of interest. From this perspective, Aristotles'goodness on the middle class, which just means that middle class really has good political nature, not that someone in this class have the innate good nature.Aristotles'System of Government is classic. Western political thought of government scholars are basically repeating the regime theory.For Aristotles, the merits of the order of government is: monarchy, aristocracy, republic, democracy, oligarchy, tyrant system. But this does not mean, monarchy or aristocracy is always the best, most cost-only system of government is which most fits the best city-state conditions of government.His theory of Democratic and Republican is very rich, which is the ancient city-state summary of the democratic system, but he is not a staunch supporter of republican or democracy. Instead, he has many reservations and criticisms on republican form or democracy; although his ideal form of government contains many elements of democracy, but with modern society in general equal civil and political rights and democracy as a limited democratic republic is quite the distance, but a form as mixture of oligarchy and democracy: rich people, people with special virtuous, merit, experience, ability, should enjoy special treatment.Plato considered'the rule of law'as the second good city-state, while Aristotles identified which as the best form of rule and conduct a demonstration of the system, and the basic rule of law is applicable to modern governance. His theory of good law, the law is the protection of freedom, the law is the embodiment of rationality, rule of law than the rule of man, and so we must be cautious advocate of legal reform, have already become a classic often cited later.The effective functioning of the rule of law is all the basic premise of the system; a country lack of tradition of rule of law, the main person in charge of leading the government and its respect for the law and judicial authority, strictly abide by the law, which is very important and necessary for them to build a society ruling in law.Aristotle's property values and political thought of his, like most the other , is mainly based on the criticism of Platonic thought. The property view is the most abstract, vague and difficult theory to understand the political thinking of Aristotles.Aristotles'political thought has great contribution on the research methods, the state functions of government, rule of law, political reform, the middle class.And his political thinking inevitably has many anachronisms.In general, any form of democratic system, in essence, is about to pass through, and whose core is universal and equal citizens competition in the open electoral system. Democracy in most of the time is not the result of the pursuit of democracy, but results from people pursuing their own interests. It was originally result of the limitation of government power and the growing trend of equal. At least in terms of modern democracy ,these principles don't belong to ancient democracy: (1) constitutional. (2) separation of powers and checks and balances. (3) federalism. (4) individual rights and freedoms fully protected. (5) representative. (6) political party system. (7) principle of limited majority. (8) the separation of civil society and state. (9) freedom of belief, religious tolerance, secularism.The rule of law must produce contitutionism. Contitutionism must produce republic. Republic must produce democracy。Because the rule of lawrequires the best authority of constitution and law, limit of state power, ensuring of freedom, and so on. Unceasing development of the equal tendency would gradually break the limits of the political rights of citizens in republic.