The Research About Marxist Human Rights Theory's Merge With China Since Reform And Opening Up

After the founding of new China human rights has long been considered the patent of the bourgeois, socialism reject human rights, which led to China's long-term disregard for human rights. After reform and opening up the leading collective of the party have correctly treated Marxist theory of human rights, integrating human rights theory of Marxism with China's realities and achieving the Marxist theory's merge with China. This historical process promote the great development of China's human rights, forming the scientific principles and experience about human rights. The summary and reflection on this great historical process is significant to the future development of China's human rights.The Marxist theory's merge with China involve some concepts, first of all we should make the definition of the human rights concept standing in the position of the Marxism. Human rights are right forms which determined and constrained by the overall development of society, composed of the civil rights and people's rights etc, reflecting the sum of the specific social relations, in order to achieve the full emancipation and development, fully realize the rights as human beings should enjoy. Human rights are not existed in isolation and have a close relationship with economic, political, cultural. The interpretation helps us fully understand human rights. At the same time the Marxist human rights theory's merge with China is one aspect of the Marxist theory's merge with China. Based on the study of Marxist theory's merge with China, Marxist human rights theory's merge with China refers to use Marxism to research China's human rights situation and solve China's practical problems in human rights development, make it specific, nationalization, popularization. The Chinese human rights theory of Marxism refer to combine the theory of Marxist human rights with the whole reality of Chinese human rights and form the theoretical results in solving the questions of China's human rights development. They are correct principles and lessons which are proven by the construction of China's human rights. Since the reform and opening up the Marxist human rights theory's merge with China have historical inevitability. From the conditions of the background and practice, It appeared the global trend of human rights protection after World Warâ…¡, while the formation of two levels confrontation will also make "human rights" as penetrating and intervening tools of Western countries; the Soviet Union as socialist countries although made great achievements on human rights issues, but also had profound lessons. Its highly centralized system limited the exercising of people's rights, led to the loss of democratic and free environment. The formation of the privileged bureaucracy seriously damaged the interests of the people. Greater Russia, ethnic chauvinism undermined the autonomy of minority and weak countries and damaged the exercise of the collective human rights. To China, the new China had a few detours in the construction of human rights, due to deviation from the center of economic construction, the wrong application for the class nature of human rights, long-term neglect for human rights protection, which ultimately led to "Great Cultural Revolution" and seriously trampled human rights. After China's reform and opening up we had an urgent need to human rights development. These factors all required us to combine Marxist human rights theory with Chinese reality and form the developing path fit for the actual of China. Marxist-Leninist theory of human rights provided us with theoretical source of Marxist human rights theory's merge with China, Western human rights theory and Chinese traditional culture benefitting for today's human rights construction provided an important cultural foundation for Marxist human rights theory's merge with China. All of these factors decided the historical inevitability of Marxist human rights theory's merge with China.Since the reform and opening up the developing track of Marxist human rights theory's merge with China can be divided into three stages, summarized from the Angle of the theory and practice. The first stage from 1978 to 1991, this is the phase of seeking breakthrough in the exploration; The second phase from 1992 to 2002, China's human rights construction is on track phase; The third stage since 2002 till now, Marxist human rights theory's merge with China have come into a new stage of scientific development.Since the reform and opening up Marxist human rights theory's merge with China have achieved significant theoretical innovation. The formed theory is a complete theoretical system. Theoretical form embodies in human rights theory of Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin and the human rights view inherent in scientific concept of development. Its guiding ideology is people-oriented, scientific development. The basic principle is to insist on the unity of human rights universality and particularity, rights and obligations. In the main content, "human rights conforming to China's actual" is making the survival, development as top, core human rights, the rich right system including the economic social and cultural rights, civil rights and political rights, national self-determination and the right to development, and many other rights. In construction of human rights, adhering to the socialist road is the fundamental path to achieve human rights in China.In the subject based on human rights realization of the broad masses, by developing the productive forces and strengthening democracy and legal system, in the international communications correctly handle the issues of human rights to guarantee the realization of human rights. The whole theory system reflects the characteristics including national character, nationality, practicality, liberation and expansibility. The practical significance of this theory system lies in that it is the guide of China's human rights construction, provides a successful examples for the world human rights development; Its theoretical position embodies in that it is the developing new stage of Marxist human rights theory, it is the important part of Chinese characteristic socialism theory system.Throughout the developing process, applying paradigm theory, the logic paradigm of this history embodies that the principle is that we should scientifically treat Marxism human rights theory and grasping the actual of Chinese human rights, the theme is to realize most people's human rights, the basis points is to make subsistence and development as primary human rights, its subjects include the leaders, the masses and theoretical workers, the pointing is to realize freedom, all-round development of people, theoretical summary is Chinese Marxist human rights theory.Through the reflection to Marxist human rights theory's merge with China, I summarizes the hidden basic features. The most fundamental feature is combining the Universal truth of Marxist human rights theory with the Chinese human rights concrete practice, utilizing Marxist theory in the actual, solving the problems of China and making the theory have Chinese style and manner. The specific features include insisting on the guiding of Marxist historical materialism as theoretical guidance, this is the most core thought developing human rights; This process always insist that on the basis of economic development we should realize the comprehensive guarantee of human rights; In the process we make comprehensive analysis and judgment to western mainstream human rights theory, through refuting wrong ideologies we strongly support the construction of human rights in China, make our country's status and function more increased in international human rights construction; This is the result of political and academic research combining.At the present time the further development of Marxist human rights theory's merge with China is necessary, important and urgent, opportunities and challenges all exist. In economy the primary stage of socialism the existence of human rights problems has economic necessity, socialist market economy for human rights development has dual functions, the erupt of global economic crisis has brought the economic impact for the construction of human rights. In politics the existence of level privileges thoughts, the lack of Grassroots autonomy and political participation, the rule of law is not implemented thoroughly, which hinder human rights full realization. In cultural mainly from the core of culture-ideology I analyze human rights questions. The dominant awareness to human rights issues in a certain society reflects the fundamental and overall interests of the society and group. It is connected with social economic, political, cultural and other, to a great extent, belong to the category of ideology. The conflict essence of human rights cultural problems between Chinese and western reflects the conflict of two different ideology. The erosion of western human rights culture include "universal value", the new liberalism, "ideology eventually conclusion" etc. This cultural osmotic way is to take this kind of culture into our country mainly through media tools, furthermore some feudal culture also affects the China's human rights culture construction. From the perspective of globalization, "human rights globalization" in a certain sense is existed, the "human rights globalization" we understand is on the basis of persisting in human rights belonging to the national sovereignty, interior category, that international society should have common security for human rights. On human rights construction emphasizing through the joint efforts between countries we should jointly promote the world human rights development, and fulfill international communication and integration of human rights theory and concept. "Human rights globalization" should be common development for all countries based on respecting various human rights civilization. The current east and west have different understandings on the exist of human rights globalization. The us-led western society execute "human rights diplomacy" to our country, implement hegemonies by human rights, try to make human rights globalization become the western world unary, seriously interference Marxist theory's merge with China.The countermeasures promoting Marxist human rights theory's merge with China for further development include that we should treat correctly Marxist theory of human rights. In economic we should adhere to the effective ways of the socialist market economy safeguarding human rights, strengthen national regulation and management to socialist market economic, rationally adjust the widening problem of income gap, continue to promote anti-corruption work in market economic conditions. In socialist democratic politics construction, continuously strengthen, improve party leadership, adhere to the scientific, democracy and law-based governance, reform and improve the supervision system, strengthen the building of grassroots self-government, further expand orderly citizen participation in politics, advance the rule of law as a fundamental principle, etc. In Human rights cultural construction, consolidate Marxist human rights theory as the guiding position of human rights culture construction, make it become real mainstream ideology of human rights cultural field, Treat correctly traditional Chinese feudal culture, carry forward its advantageous, discard the dross. We should combine Marxist human rights theory with traditional Chinese culture; Pay attention to absorb positive factors of human rights protection in western human rights culture, correctly deal with the erosion of western human rights ideology to our human rights cultural; Strengthen the construction of media to promote Chinese human rights culture's spreading, In all the social scope to strengthen human rights education. In the process of human rights globalization, we should actively boycott the attack of western rights diplomacy, safeguard Chinese good image of the state; To strengthen China's human rights dialogue with the western world, promote development of human rights globalization with the "Harmonious world" thought; But the ultimate point should be that the worldwide form unity of human rights idea accompanied by the realization of people's free and overall development in all the world, various alienation effects preventing human development and human rights realization will be eliminated.