China's Rural Old-age Security Models Based On Regional Differences

The rural areas in our country have to face with the severe challenge of how to provide resources for the local old people, with the aging problem becomes more serious and the traditional old-age security model's function becomes much weak than before. The problem of rural old-age security has already become an important influential factor of constructing the new socialist countryside, building the harmonious and comprehensive well-off society. For many years, in order to effectively solve the problems of the rural old-age pension, and shrinking of urban-rural and regional differences, the Chinese government emphasized the importance of well-coordinated development and committed to find a way to solve the rural old-age security problem. Theoretically speaking, it is a complicated, difficult and long-term process to establish the universal old-age security model. The unified old-age security model is only a goal and direction temporarily, which conducts the endowment work, but not the task of this period. The construction of the rural old-age security models must follow the laws of economy and society, weighing the influences of the comprehensive factors. Regional differences determine that the construction of the rural old-age security models should has the stress, the construction of the rural old-age security models must consider the rural old-age security model's adaptability and the farmers'intention of selection the rural old-age security models. There are more domestic research literatures about the rural old-age security models, but there are less from the angel of regional differences. Under the background of aging, analyzing the construction of the rural old-age security models from the regional differences has an important practical significance to ensure the basic life of the old people and promote the coordinate development of the old-age security undertakings.This paper uses the theories of economics, sociology, insurance and the existing relevant references, choosing statistical yearbook macro data and micro survey data, selecting the Principal Analysis, Cluster Analysis, Multiple Regression Model, Ordered Probit Model, Premium Estimate Model to study the China's old-age security model from the angel of regional differences. Bases on the related concepts of regional differences and rural old-age security models, this paper makes a division of the rural old-age security areas in China. According to the regional differences of the operating environment, the paper uses empirical analysis method examining the regional adaptability of the rural old-age security models and the farmers'selection intention of different old-age security models in different areas, and analysis the construction of the rural old-age security model bases on regional differences, and puts forward the study conclusions and prospect.The main conclusions of this article includes: (1) the operation environment of the rural old-age security models have large regional differences. According to the operation environment, we can divide the 31 provinces (autonomous region, municipality) of China into three types of rural old-age security model areas. (2) The adaptability of different models has many differences in different areas, and in different areas, the adaptability of each model is influenced by different factors. (3) The peasants of each area intend to choose multi-channel support model to ensure their life, in which the social insurance model is the dominant model, but the extent of intention existing different degree, and the peasants'intention of choosing the old-age security models in different areas is influenced by different factors. (4) There are many difficulties in establishing an integration old-age security model in China at present. Based on the China's national conditions and under the background of regional differences, we should establish different old-age security models in different areas, transforming and upgrading these models gradually, and finally establishing a nationwide integration old-age security model.The innovation points of this article include: (1) According to the differences of operation environment of each rural old-age security model, the article uses the cluster analysis to divide the areas. (2) The article analysis the adaptability and the influencing factors of each model in different areas using methods of Factor Analysis and Multiple Regression. (3) Bases on the Ordered Probit Model, the paper analyses the selection intention and influencing factors in different areas. (4) Different old-age security models is established in different areas in the article, and the effect of each models is analyzed, and the paths to transform and upgrad the models are discussed in the article.