Research On Regional Differences Of China’s Social Security

Equity and efficiency of social security is an important theory issue，as well as a practicequestion. By using the level of social security as a critical quantitative index, the paper researchreasonable scopes of social security expenses in order to ensure a marked rise in the standard ofliving and a regular system of social security. Due to the question of time, many foundamentalfactor of social security have not acquaintance accord agreement among researchers and practicersof domesticity. It is necessary that we should research the questions of regional differences ofChina’s social security to enrich and improve the theoretic system of social security.This paper is divided into three parts, a total of six chapters. It first and second chaptersbegan with economic explanation of social security’s origin and necessity. The following threechapters make a serial of researches on macro effect of expenditure level, optimal level andregional difference of expenditure level. As a conclusion chapter, the sixth part provides a reasonalway to reduce ragional differences of china’s social security as well as a combination of policyformulation suggestions.The first chapter expounds on the background, relevant theories and practical significance ofsocial security. As follow, this chapter reveals the main purport social security and outlines thecontent and progress of the corresponding study. It then makes an introduction of the paper,including the theme, contents, definitions and methodology, and also analyses the innovations ofthe paper. Based on the study results of security system and labour economics at home and abroad,the paper makes a systematic research on the social security expenditure.The second chapter makes an economic and academic explanation for social security system.Because of difference of policy, economics, culture and law in different country, the definer ofsocial security is not alike. However, the connotation is alike that social security system canprovide necessary insurance product or some product for people. In fact, china’s social securitysystem has its generality as well as uniqueness, such as social insurance, social relief, socialwelfare and other social benefit undertakings. To sum up, this chapter’s basic viewpoint is thatsocial security has its necessity and rationality and has a good influence on the social economicdevelopment, and vice versa.The third chapter focuses on social security expenditure. It involves both theoretical anddemonstrative research on macro, average and rational social security level etc. The macro socialsecurity level pays attention reasonable scopes of china’s social security expenditure level withinstitutional restrictions. Then through average social security, it qualitativly analyzes socialinsurance, such as Endowment insurance, medical care, unemployment insurance etc, it can ensurewhether every item coordination suits well or not. This part ends with the policy suggestions aboutactive aging in the future. In china’s case, the paper predicts the social security expenditure offollowing10-30year in the future, and concludes that aging has become an increasingly seriousproblem in china.The fourth chapter focuses on the regional differences of china’s social security, and starts itsresearch from regional differences of china’s economic development. For the reasons of theregional difference of social security, this paper makes a discussion the duration and certaintyfrom the aspects of regional difference, interregional and intraregional difference etc. Through theanalysis of space constitution, it has been found that the infra-regional difference of the east should be greater than the intra-regional difference in the Midwest. Moreover, the chapterintroduces Gini index as evaluation model to make a thorough analysis and evaluation on thesocial security china’s expenditure, including social insurance and financial expenditure for socialsecurity. Finally it confines regional differences of china’s social security decreased in2000-2008.The fifth chapter is on the transfers system of China’s social security. This dissertation startswith the comparative analysis regional level of social security with transfer payment on socialsecurity, and then takes the analysis of variance to reveal the impact on regional social security.Closely integrated the current situation of social security’s regulatory effects on incomedistribution gap, this paper proposes to deepen reform of the budget system, improve the systemwhereby both the central and local governments have financial resources proportionate to theirduties and responsibilities, accelerate the establishment of a unified, standardized and transparentsystem for transfer payments, enlarge the size and proportion of general transfer payments, andincrease input in public services.As a conclusion part, the sixth chapter reviews the theme of this paper, concludes threeinnovations which are regional social security expenditure model, regional difference index, andsocial security transfer payment effect model. It then argues that establishing and improving asocial security system compatible with the level of economic development constitutes animportant guarantee for social stability and long-term peace and order in the country. Generally,the paper considers moderate social security expenditure should be guided by the followingsuggestions as: scientifically confining the borders of market and government; adjustingexpenditure structures; multi-means of financing; together with sharable economic growth topromote social employment.