The. Of Cohen (g.a.cohen) Egalitarian Thought

G.A.Cohen is not only a renowned contemporary Western left-wing political philosopher,but also the founder of Analytical Marxism School. He was born in the atmosphere of Marxist belief in his childhood.The vision of social equality and better future has inspired Cohen in the exploration of theory and practice.This article is intended to be based on the dual perspective of Marxist Philosophy and Political Philosophy to analyze and judge Cohen's equalitarianism. Cohen's equalitarianism and its background of Marxist philosophy are inseparable. Cohen's early academic career focused on Marx's historical materialism. Cohen later shift to equality as the core of political philosophy.His equalitarianism was particularly reflected in the debate with the two most important political philosopher,John Rawls and Robert Nozick. This article focus on the analysis of Cohen's equalitarianism and the origins of Marxist Philosophy on the one hand,and clearly try to show Cohen's unique equality as the core of his political philosophy on the other hand.In my opinion,Cohen established the position of socialist equality in political philosophy on the one hand,and found a new direction in the development of Marxism on the other hand.In this article,I take Cohen's later works as the basic resource. The basic clue is his concept of equality.This article combines the reading of texts with the history of the thoughts. The basic method is to combine the history of the thoughts with the background.The main content is as follows,Introduction introduces Cohen's approach which provides the background of the thoughts and ages for Cohen's egalitarianism.It also introduces the shift from defending historical materialism to studying political philosophy and moral philosophy.Chapter I introduces Cohen's academic shift and its methodology. It is in order to establish the position of Cohen and make clear the purpose of Cohen's methods.It is also about the political philosophy of equality before Cohen. The Chapter establishes the connotation and extension of political philosophy.and thus further analyses a series of philosophers before Cohen's research on equality. In this chapter, the above study is based on the time. In this article, this section also insists on the subsection which are the ancient philosophy, the modern philosophy and the Chapter II discusses the main idea of equality in Marxism. This chapter on the one hand tries to make clear whether the idea of equality in Marxism exists, and then discuss what the equality means in Marxism. On the other hand,the chapter introduces Cohen's view about the equality of Marxism.Chapter III focuses on the Cohen's criticism of the self-ownership in libertarism philosophy(such as Robert Nozick). Nozick is no doubt important in the formation of Cohen's egalitarianism.Cohen himself once said,it was Nozick who takes him out of the socialism.In Cohen's view, self-ownership is the core principle of libertarism.Cohen's critique of libertarism has always revolved around the principle. This chapter seeks self-ownership to show Nozick and Cohen's debate.Chapter IV focuses on Cohen's another academic efforts.Cohen tries to rescue justice and equlity from Rawls's liberal proposition. In Cohen's view. Rawls's difference principle does not justify the inequality.And it also does not prove the inequalities based on justice and social incentives justified. And Cohen bases on the above criticism to establish his egalitarianism.The main ideas of Chapter V is Cohen's egalitarianism in a whole such as " equal access to advantage". From the view,I attempt to figure out Cohen's evaluation and criticism. I figure out Cohen's thinking in that sense is to demonstrate the superiority of socialism while I stand in the position of the Marxist philosophy.This article's theoretical achievement is as follows:I dicuss Cohen's egalitarianism and reveal the unique nature of his egalitarianism,I combine the former and later views of Cohen.The article also reveals the purpose of Cohen's egalitarianism.He returns to Marx in order to achieve his goals. This effort demonstrates a deeply ideological influence of Marxism in the pursuit of political philosophers and beliefs.