Republic Of China's Economic Policy Continuity Throughout The Ages And Variability (1912-1937)

The thesis probe with the economic policy from Beijing Government to Nanjing Government of Republic of China (1912~ 1937), Which was the sample and represented the highest level of economic policy in Modem China.Nanjing temporary Government' s policy had been the dayspring of the economic policy in Republic of China; it had the meaning of pioneer and led the way. And then,from Beijing to Nanjing,there was an continuous process and some variety in the source and foundation of their policy.The continuity and variation contained pclitic background, personnel and policy idea,especialy the vagueness and contradiction in Sun Yat-san' s doctrines.Normative documents, with the rules and regulations as its principal part, reveals the general picture of economic policy in Republic of China.The main economic laws increased from almost 100 to more than 200 in Beijing and Nanjing period.Not only more in amount.bm plus and modification. This process,with the policy aim of business & industry development and the growth of economy, inflected those progresses in construction of legal system,and fundament of rule by law.It" s essential to discuss the situation of power and finance that was regarded as the necessary tools of policy.From Beijing to Nanjing,they were both short of them, the decentralization of power or the lack of financial resource.The two governments of Republic of China had made efforts to improve those conditions of policy,such as centralization and the innovation in revenue, internal debt & foreign loans, currency system and bank system.But the benefit for the perform of policy was limited.Another organic part of policy is the governmental economic behavior. Especially the nationalization and the trend of monopolization .In this process,free enterprises were taken back or destroyed by the two governments.lt' s contravention to the principles of normative documents, and reveals the panorama and essence of economic policy.According to the idea " modem type transformation of economic policy" ,the two governments had been proceeding in the transformation.They had established and issued a senes of rules and laws,and tended to develop Capitalism,acted as modern nation.But their aim of policy,also the direction of transformation,was to build state capitalism.The transfer course was left unfinished.The economic policy in Republic of China was immersed in contradiction.The two governments were deserve well of the development from 1910' s to 1930' s,meanwhile,thdr policy was with responsibility for the underdevelopment of China' s capitalism.They played failed role in economic affairs,and the economic policy could not lead to rich and mightiness of the nation,it could neither accomplish the historical mission of early economic modernization.