Studies Of The Social Function Of Intellectual In The Socialism Construction With Chinese Characteristics

The class status of intellectuals has long been controversial and thus we haven' t paid enough attention to the social function of intellectuals. Since reforming and opening, with bringing the intellectual policy to order out of chaos, and with the development of science and technology, with the all-round enforcement of the strategy of developing the country on the basis of developing science, with the knowledge-based economy era's coming, the social function of intellectuals is getting more and more important. Undoubtedly, enhancing the study of intellectual social role will have profound theoretical and practical significance.The social role of intellectual is always a disputable question of theory and practice which countries all over world show much concern. In the Western countries, it has appeared various intellectual theories which all have characteristics of their own, including Karl Mannheim's theory of the intellectual wandering freely, Antonio Gramsci' s theory of the organic intellectual, Alvin Gouldner' s theory of the new class of the intellectual, Edward Said' s theory of the amateur intellectuals and so on. They often pay more attention to the social role of the humane intellectuals and value intellectuals' social criticism, social revolution and social care. They generally think that intellectuals must first be personnel with a professional knowledge, at same time they must deeply concern about the country, society and everything concerning public interest in the world. And this kind of concern must be beyond personal interest. The view of the west greatly influences the academic circles of our country. The definitions of the intellectual are various and each has its strong points and limitations. On the whole, intellectual should be mental workers who have a higher education level than the average labors of their the same time, and they make a living chiefly by creating, spreading and applying scientific and cultural knowledge. At present intellectuals in our country chiefly include professional personnel with a special knowledge who graduate at least from colleges for professional training and are engaged in scientific research, education, artistic work, medical work, sports, press and media, publishing fields, broadcasting and film, television and other spiritual cultural work.Of course, the question of intellectuals is an important aspect of the class and stratum theory of Marxism. All the classic authors of Marxism pay great attention to this problem. They have done a theoretical research in studying the social role ofintellectuals. This provides theoretical guidelines for us to understand the social role of contemporary Chinese intellectuals in the course of socialist construction. At the same time, it tells us that if we examine the social role of intellectuals, we must integrate the study of intellectuals with their social living situation.In the present China, to give full play to intellectuals' social role is the inexorable demand of the development of the era. Meanwhile, they get the best living situation and historical stage to give free rein to their role. With the social and economic development, science and technology more and more play a decisive role in the development of the productive forces. Science and technology have become the primary productive forces. And it stimulates the development of new technological revolution has information technology as its core. And industrial economy is increasingly transforming into knowledge-based economy, which has come quietly on the globe. This aggravates the competition among different countries in the fields of economy and science and technology. To become dominating power of science and technology and occupy the market of market of high-tech products, all countries are going all out. It has become a battle without smoke. All these demand us urgently to have more initiative spirit. And all need intellectuals to give full play to their social role, no matter it. is to develop science and.technology and knowledge- based economy, or...