| At present, globalization has already been an objective reality and the tendency of the development of human society. Almost all the people whatever position they stand, and whatever attitude they have, acknowledge this fact. The issue of globalization has already become the focus of the research in developed and developing countries, big and small countries, and poor and rich countries. The anti-globalization movement emerged in recent years, following the widening and deepening of the development of the globalization. There is much debate about whether the globalization is good or not.In recent years, Chinese scholars have undertaken a lot of research on the issues of globalization from different perspectives and have achieved great achievements. The following books represent the main achievements of the related research: a series of books on "globalization" including "The Absurdity of Globalization" published by the Central Compilation and Translation Press in 1998, a series of books on "economic globalization" including "The Economic Globalization: Blessing? Misfortune?" published by the Chinese Social Press 1999. Some translated books have been published in recent years. These include "The Pitfalls of Globalization" published by the Central Compilation and Translation Press in 2000. "Ten lies of Globalization" published by the Xinhua Press in 2000, a series of translated books on "globalization" including "Global Sociology" published by the Social Sciences Documentation Publishing House in 2001. Besides these books, more and more articles on globalization have been published. The number of the articles has risen sharply.However, these books and articles mainly focused one of the aspects of the globalization. To the economic scholars, globalization means the transnationalization of the economic activities and the deepening of the mutual interdependence; To the political scholars, globalization refers to the gradual enlargement of international interference and the tendency of the state sovereignty increasingly restricted; To the history scholars, globalization represents the progress of modernization of the human society development, which emerged only when the human society developed to the modern times. These different views onglobalization show that scholars have different understanding on the essence of globalization, besides their different perspectives. Globalization, in many scholars' opinion, is an objective course of history, i.e. it is an irreversible process independent of certain regions, social system, model of development, ideology and others. Its content is to strengthen the linkages between regions in the world by all kind of ways such as economic, cultural, political, information and material ways, to enhance the understanding between states and nations, and to help them to reach a consensus. Other scholars insisted that globalization was the process of modernization leading by the West, or the process of westernization.Globalization is the whole world course of history including economic, political, cultural, social and other fields, while not the pure economic phenomenon. Under the guidance of historical materialism of Marxist and the ideological line of "emancipating our minds, seeking truth from facts, and keeping pace with the times" advocated by our party, mainly applying methods of comparative, positive, normal, and mathematical studies, the paper based on the. principle of combination of economic and political studies analyzed the process, the characteristics, and the impact of globalization from the perspective of the development of productive forces, discussed the manifold impact of globalization on the world economy arid politics, on every type of countries and socialism, put forward the measures our country should take.The paper includes the following parts.The Introduction mainly discussed the current research results of globalization, the reasons for choosing the issues of globalization .as Ihe research topie, the basic guiding ideology and research methods.Charpter One: the Progress of Globalization. This part analyzed a series of economic, politic, social and cultural transformations of the world pushed forward by the development of productive forces and scientific and technologic progresses. The process of globalization has entered a conscious stage from the spontaneous stage only pushed by the productive forces since the modern times. The international organizations, such as the United Nations (UN), the World Trade Organization (WTO) (the former GATT), the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and so on, have made great contributions to the world peace and development from different aspects, and promoted the rapid development of globalization. The author analyzed the promoting impact of international organizations on globalization. Finally, the author analyzedthe characteristics of the current wave of globalization different from the former wave of globalization pushed forward by the Industrial Revolution.Charpter Two: Globalization and World Economy. This part mainly analyzed the impacts of globalization on the world economy. To begin with, the author discussed the developing trends, main expression of economic globalization, and the characteristics- of the world economy. Based on these analyses, the author then pointed out the positive and negative impacts of globalization on world economy. The author also analyzed the trend of regional integration paralleled with the trend of globalization. With the European Union as the typical case of regional integration, the chapter analyzed the impacts of regional integration on globalization.Charpter Three: Globalization and World Politics. This part analyzed the impacts of globalization on world politics. Corresponding with the last part, this part also discussed the impacts of globalization on world politics from positive and negative two-fold perspectives. Since the most distinct political impact of globalization has been challenges to the national sovereignty posed by the globalization, the author put special emphasis on this issue and put forward some new thoughts. Corresponding with the Part II, this part also analyzed the mutual relations between globalization and the international organizations from the perspective of international organizations.Charpter Four: Globalization and Various Kinds of Countries. Different countries have different feelings about the globalization because of their different national conditions such as economic development level and political system. This part mainly analyzed the distinct impacts of globalization on developed and developing countries. This part also analyzed the flourishing anti-globalization movement existed in both developed and developing countries from the perspective of nationalism.Charpter Five: Globalization and Socialism. All the present socialist countries are developing countries. With the development of globalization, socialist countries due to the different social systems have to face the challenges arising from the ideology, besides the common challenges which the developing countries face. These challenges are reflected collectively by the four "how to understand " questions put forward by Jiang Zeming. The chapter focused on the analysis of the impacts of globalization on socialism and answering two of the four "how to understand" questions, that is how to understand the historic courses of the development of socialism and capitalism. With the profound analysis, the author hopedto develop and innovate the theory of scientific socialism..Based on the previous analyses of the issues of globalization, the Conclusion of the paper put forward some measures that China should adopt in short period, including: transforming our minds and actively dealing with globalization, deepening the reformation and transforming the functions of governments, actively participating in the regional cooperation of economy, politics, security and other fields, promoting the establishment of a new international economic and political order, and so on.The paper has paid special emphases on exploring die following issues.O Following tile basic thread of the development of productive forces, the paper analyzed a series of transformations of the world economy, politics, society and culture pushed forward by the development of productive forces and the progress of science and technology.O According to the difference of the pushing factors of the globalization, the paper divided the progression of globalization into two distinct stages: the spontaneous stage pushed forward only by the development of productive forces and the conscious stage pushed forward mainly by the international organizations.O Supported by some specific cases, the paper argued that globalization not only can spread economic prosperity, but also can spread economic recessions, inflations and financial crises. Therefore, it is very important and necessary to strengthen international cooperation in order to take full advantage of the positive effects of globalization, while avoiding and restricting the negative effects of globalization.O The paper pointed out that regional integration would continue to develop along with the globalization for a relative long time due to the imbalance of world economic and political development. For this reason, we should change our ideas on regional integration and pay enough attention to its exemplary and leading role in globalization.O The paper pointed out that we should rethink national sovereignty in order to adapt ourselves to the transformation of international society from absolute sovereignty to relative sovereignty, and acknowledge the necessity of international intervention in certain conditions.O The paper discussed the motive roles of international organizations through many examples in promoting the economic, political and cultural exchanges and cooperation among nations, and in enhancing the human consensus and peace and development of the whole...
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