Cultural Differences On The Impact Of China's Political System

In the developing of social history, why have the western countries been carrying out democratic systems with the characteristics of general election, parliament, separation of powers,and rule by law, while China has been carrying out the dictatorial system in contrast? Why is the socialist democracy of China so different from that of west is worth thinking over. For any political system, it is certain to exist in the world as it is. According to the idea of historical materialism, political system, the social superstructure, is controlled by the mode of production and productive in the final analysis. However, just like the Britain parliament system, it was born early in feudal society of 13th century. So, besides the factor of the mode of production and productive, there must be other ones that affect the form of political system. Especially, the culture, as a rule of human words and deeds, is one of the most important factors that have an effect on the political system, meanwhile, it is the deepest reason that form and promote political systems. Based on this idea, I select the issue that how Chinese Culture and Western Culture affect altogether the formation and development of Chinese political system, as my thesis for the Doctorate. This thesis is composed of introduction and five chapters. The introduction, together with Chapter 1and 2, foreshadows the expanse of the thesis. Chapter 3 and 4 are the body of the dissertation, and Chapter 5 is the temporary lodging. The introduction expresses opinions on both the aim and significance, the writing techniques and training thought of the thesis, and the creativity points and the solution to difficulties. Chapter 1 expresses the evolution of culture in Chinese characteristics, definites what the Chinese Culture and the Western Culture is individually, and analyses the origin, development, meaning, contents, faction and the relationship between political system and culture, in the way of analyzing the necessity and difficulty of culture definition. In Chapter 2, I introduce the gamut of Chinese Culture and Western Culture especially. Firstly, I introduce the origin of Chinese Culture and Chinese primitive culture and civilization. Then I narrate the altering from spirit-oriented culture to human-oriented culture from Yin Dynasty(later period of the Shang Dynasty) and Shang Dynasty(1600—1046BC) , the foundation of China's traditional culture during the Spring and Autumn Period(770—476BC) and the Warring States Period(475—221BC),the unification in Qin Dynasty(221—201BC, China's first feudal dynasty) and Han Dynasty(206BC—220AD), its developing during Northern and Southern Dynasties(420—589),Sui Dynasty (581--618),Tang Dynasty (618—907AD),Song Dynasty(960—1279),and its ending in Ming Dynasty(1368--1644) and Qing Dynasty(1644--1911) 。 New Culture Period's coming in the May 4th Movement (in 1919, against foreign imperialism and domestic feudalism). Secondly, I analyze the origin of the Western Culture, which can be divided into six periods— the Western Classical Period, the Mid-aged Christian Religion Period, the Renaissance Period, the Modern Enlightenment Period, the Modern Humanism Period ,the Modern Scientific Period. Chapter 3 gives an explanation that the China's traditional culture has been producing a telling influence on the China's Political System. Firstly, I analyze its birth, change and the period of its developing, in which I generalize three characteristics: absolute monarchy, centralization of authority and bureaucracy, and enunciate a doctrine that the China's traditional culture has been having an effect on the China's Political System by analyzing Chinese Culture based on the geography perspective. Finally, I demonstrate some revelations about this influence. Chapter 4 figures the influence that the Western Culture had on the Modern China's Political System, laying an emphasis on that the broken isolation of China after Opium War in 1840 forced Chinese people to begin knowing and learning from abroad. From then on, some foreign political...