Study On Rural Health Care And Medical Security System Of China

The research is proposed under the background as following: Firstly ,since 1990' s diseases have become one of major reasons resulting in poverty in rural China with absence of the rural medical security system. Secondly cooperative medical system (CMS) before the system transformation was praised by WHO while is criticized by WHO after system transformations.Finally most research are often carried out from the point of sociology and hygiene economics , there are few researches on the system circumstance. So this research has important meanings in theory and reality.Based on elaborating the good character of rural health service the paper points out that it is essential for the government to establish the health care and medical security system. From the above the author establishes the economic framework . Firstly the paper analyses the transition of CMS using the theory and methods of institutional economics. Secondly the paper analyses the supply and demand of rural medical service and the reality of medical security system. Thirdly the paper analyses the new cooperative medical system (NCMS). Fourthly the paper analyses the facter affecting the health care and medcial security system . At last some relevant policy implication are suggested.The study shows the importance of government support from the comparative analysis of CMS .The establishment and evolution of CMS is connected with the change of economic system and health system of rural China . The study holds that the expenditure of health care resources has obvious local difference and difference between town and country . From the analysis of medical expenditure of rural China , the proportion of farmers expenditure is higher than before while the disbursement of the government is lower. From the research of the two counties ,we can concludes the medical level of some countries in central and west China are below the average. County hospital township health centre and the village clinics are primary medical service provider in rural China. The utility of the resources in township centre is in low efficiency .The study of public health service in rural China implys the seriously insufficient in some rural areas and it resulting in "medical service was feeded by the medicine ".The village clinics are the key providers to cope with indisposition. Some medical services of it belong to public good while there is few financial subsidy on it. The supply of public health has apparent difference between town and country and there is an expanded tendency of different areas in rural China.The quantity of medical in rural China has few change from 1990 to 2003. The utility of medical service of farmers is declining. The level of income is an important factor affecting health of farmers and it is also the bottleneck which restricts farmers using medical service . Illness becomes the key factor resulting in poverty. The coverage of formal medical security syetem is low in rural China and the informal system provides limited medical security in rural China .The confidence mechanism should be established between farmer and the government .The township medical centre should be given more financial support in order to realize the effective medical supply. The NCMS has limited inpact on coping with serious illness. If high particition rate is simplychased with household account, the NCMS is not CMS in principal. The financial disbursement ability is a key factor in NCMS and it is not suitable for poverty rural area.The financial constitution the difference of areas the income of farmers and the rural medical provider systems are important factors in establishing rural health care and medcial security system. At last some relevant policy implications are suggested.