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Economic Analysis Of Sustainable Land Use

Posted on:2002-03-14Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:X P ShiFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116360155961888Subject:Land Resource Management
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
From institutional background and the practice of land use in China, this paper tries to analyzesustainable land use with economic analysis framework during economic transition.The first chapter presents the key issues of research, research background, researchframework, innovation and shortcoming of research. Scare of land resource has restricted thedevelopment of society and economic, and the restriction can become even more severelywith the further developing of economic and rapidly increasing of income per captia. Therestriction not only comes from population growth, economic development, but also comesfrom land resource allocation itself, especially the undeveloped land market, which severelyaffects the improvement of land allocation efficiency. Function of government has laggedbehind market development, which leads to insufficient supply institutions of pubic goods andeliminate externalities and will impact the realizing of sustainable land resource use. Aftermarket economic reforms, urban and rural land markets have been developed in some degree,but they have severely lagged behind requirement of efficient allocation of land resource. Thisresearch tries to explain the status of land resource allocation efficiency at economics point ofview and gives some policy implication and suggestions.The second chapter explains the social and economic background of sustainable land use.Sustainable land use is determined by the institutional background of society and economy.Analysis of institutional background will benefit to clearly understand the environment ofsocial and economic institutions, reconsider the conflicting of land resource use and recognizethat the situation of land resource results from the old rules, style and model of development.In this paper, the impact of population growth, deviation of urbanization, pattern of economicgrowth, economic system and resource-saving technology system to sustainable land use areanalyzed.The third chapter tries to explain the influences of transition of valuing of human, ethicvalue, and sustainable development on sustainable land use. Combining with understanding ofconcept, definition of sustainable land use, the issue of sustainable land use is arisen in theframe of economic development and to solve the problem, the issue of sustainable land useshould be put into framework of the motivation and incentive of economic analysis. Toachieve sustainable land use, traditional allocation pattern of land resource must be changed,institutional restriction of land be broken. Development view and economic mechanism bothneed to be changed.The fourth chapter discusses the allocation efficiency of land resource as production factorand ecological and environmental factor and presents how to achieve the general allocationefficiency. The paper points out that the marginal "utility"of land resource among differentsectors has to be equal to achieve maximum allocation efficiency. Public choice couldmaximum intertemporal welfare function through assuming there exists a central planer. Howto achieve sustainable land use is explained through correcting market prices, adjustingtraditional national accounting system, comprehensive cost and benefit analysis,reconsideration on traditional value of land resource and protecting the key resource. Through studying on relations among protecting cultivated land, food security and publicgoods, we find that cultivated land protecting simply is fixed on quantity control and it needsto take economic methods and eliminate government intervention. Empirical studies ofdecreasing of cultivated land show that the policy of dynamic balance of cultivated land willdamage the food security in the future, lead to further deterioration of ecological environmentand worsen the capacity of sustainable development. In the second part of this chapter,efficient of methods for protecting cultivated land is analyzed by comparative advantage andcontract economics. During the protecting cultivated land, enormous transitions cost andmonitoring cost are involved, which results of incentive insufficiency and moral hazard oflocal government in cultivated land control. It gives new direction for institutions change ofcultivated land protecting. Firstly, the sixth chapter reviews the process of farmland market institutional transitionand points out the character of gradualism induce of farmland market development. On thebasis of the character, requirement of further development of farmland market is presented.Some new ways of farmland transaction also are explained. Secondly, this chapter providesthe explanation of barriers in institutional change of undeveloped farmland market andproposes that mechanism of administrative allocation distort the market mechanism,especially induce-process of farmland market is delayed by administrative allocation offarmland which decrease the ratio of marginal product of labor and other factors in production.Taxes and fees in farmland hinder farmland transaction in market, too. Finally, furtherdevelopment of farmland market could be fulfilled through re-defining propriety rights offarmland, clarifying transaction rights of farmland and reforming tax and fees collectionsystem of rural. Through analysis of status of non-farmland market development, the seventh chapter findsthat market allocation of non-farmland is lagged behind requirements of reforms and scare ofland. Analyzing market allocation processing and market players of non-farmland will benefitto finding the motivation of reform, motive power mechanism and interest-group and willcontribute to discover the course of undeveloped non-farmland market on the basis ofinstitutional evolution theory. Finally, which local government as a "middle institutionalinnovation agent"is introduced into model and a game theory model of comprehensivedynamic information explain the course of undeveloped non-farmland market. Becauseconsistence can not be obtained in institutional innovation between local and centralgovernment, the equilibrium of institutional innovation can not be achieved during theprocessing of market development of non-farmland. On the basis of the analysis given in themodel, the paper gives three points trying to explain the deviation of institutional innovationof local and central government. This paper obtains that the central and local governmenthave entirely different utility function. So some policy implications are given that collective...
Keywords/Search Tags:Sustainable Land Use, Allocation Efficiency, Market Distribution, Public Policy
PDF Full Text Request
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