Study On Ruling Thought Of Mao Zedong

Communist persons, with Mao Zedong as the main representative, combined together Marxist basic principle and the ruling practice of Chinese Communist Party, drew lessons and experience from communist governance in Soviet Union and Eastern European countries, absorbed the essence of Chinese traditional governance principle, summed up the party's ruling experience, formed the ruling thought with Chinese characteristics, namely Mao Zedong ruling thought. Under the guidance of dialectical materialism and historical materialism global view and methodology, based on Marxist classic writers'and their successors'theories on proletarian party construction and rule, and took the ruling practice of Chinese Communist persons with Mao Zedong as the main representative as clues, this paper aims at deeply studying the historical conditions , theoretical origins and cultural backgrounds of the birth of Mao Zedong ruling thought, arranges the sequence of ideas of formation and development of Mao Zedong ruling thought, excavates its basic contents, analyses and appraises its historical status and limitations, summarizes the lessons and experience of the party's ruling practice in order to move the party's ruling ability construction under new circumstances, and strengthen the party's ruling status.The birth of Mao Zedong ruling thought has its deep periodical and social historical backgrounds, it takes Marxist ruling theories as its foundation and has strong traditional cultural base. The partial ruling practice of Communist Party of China accumulated abundant ruling experience, thus providing the important ideological materials for the birth of Mao Zedong ruling thought; the establishment of new China and the party's national ruling position provided vast stage for the ruling practice of Communist Party of China, and provided the basic conditions for the formation and development of Mao Zedong ruling thought; ruling experience from Soviet and Eastern European proletarian political party, especially Soviet experience, provided important references for the formation of Mao Zedong ruling thought. Marxist ruling theory is the theoretical foundation of Mao Zedong ruling thought. From the Paris Commune, the start of proletarian political power capture, to the victory of October revolution, then the spread of socialism practice from one country to another, Marxist classic writers tallied up the lessons and experience of the ruling practice of the proletarian political party in time, actively investigated the ruling regulations of the proletarian political party, laid the foundation of Marxism ruling theories and provided the theoretical conditions for the creation of Mao Zedong ruling thought. Chinese traditional culture has a long history and realized deep meaning. Chinese way of country ruling accumulated rich contents during the history, thus providing abundant materials for Mao Zedong ruling thought. The ruling principle of serving the people heart and soul is the sublimation of traditional people-based thought, the morality-based ruling strategy is the criticism and succession of traditional morality-based ruling thought, the ruling policy of uniting all forces that can be united to construct socialism is inheritance and surmount of traditional thought of unity-loving, the cadre route of wise-based selection and the cadre standards of morality and ability are sublimation and promotion of traditional intellectual-respected thought. This well explains that the Mao Zedong ruling thought is rooted in the deep soil of Chinese traditional culture, have impressive"Chinese style and Chinese manner".As the core of first leading collective of the party, Mao Zedong led Communist Party of China from the process of partial ruling to national ruling, his ruling thought experienced a tortuous process of formation and development. During the period of war of Land Revolution, along with the founding of worker-farmer democratic regime, Communist Party of China started the practice of partial ruling in the village revolution base. Mao Zedong not only led the establishment of the first communist regime in the boundary of Xianggan, uncovered the curtain of Communist Party of China partial ruling practice. He made important expositions and initial summaries for the village base political power construction experience in theory, and his partial ruling thought started to form. During the period of anti-Japan war, Communist Party of China successfully conducted partial ruling practice in the Shanganning boundary regions and other anti-Japan base. Communist Party of China not only grew from small to large, from weak to strong, and became the mainstay of the war against Japan gradually. She gradually learned the ruling art of ruling country and restoring peace to people, gained important achievement in areas such as politics, economy and culture, party construction, and accumulated rich ruling experience. Mao Zedong as the core of party's leading collective, his partial ruling thought developed continuously in practice. During the period in Xibaipo, along with Communist Party of China's changing position from partial ruling in the base to the ruling of the national scope, Mao Zedong, on the basis of past exploration and study, carefully considered and actively explored the way of party ruling under new circumstances. He initially pointed out the ruling idea of the party at the beginning of the establishment of new China, concretely made the policies and measures in politics, economy, diplomacy and party construction, embodied the features of the transition from partial to the national scope, this laid the theoretical foundation for the formation of Mao Zedong ruling thought. The years from 1949 to 1957 is the period of transition from new democratism to socialism and the establishment of the socialism, it is also the formation period of Mao Zedong ruling thought. During this period, in the practice of leading national people to recover and develop national economy, establish socialism and explore socialist construction route, Mao Zedong studied and explored party's ruling issue, accumulated rich ruling experience and initially formed his ruling idea which is suitable to Chinese reality. The period from the second half of 1957 to the end of 1976"Cultural Revolution"is the tortuous developing period of Mao Zedong ruling thought. In this period, Mao Zedong put forward some right or relatively right theoretical standpoints and formed some ruling experience, these further enriched Mao Zedong ruling thought; Some false theoretical standpoints or those unsuitable to Chinese reality put forward in the quest embodied the historical limitations of his thought. This proves that the proletarian political party's quest on ruling regulations is an arduous and tortuous process which is impossible to accompany in one move.Mao Zedong ruling thought is the experience summarization of the ruling practice of Communist Party of China with Mao Zedong as the main representative. It has rich contents. It takes the ruling idea of serving the people heart and soul as the core, the construction of a modern socialist country as its ruling target. It studied and explored issues on the consolidation of ruling foundation, the optimization of ruling environment, the pledge of ruling safety and the reinforcement of the ruling party construction etc. Its contents covered every area, such as politics, economy, culture etc. and commanded every aspect such as country ruling, party ruling and army ruling. It enriched and developed Marxist ruling theories, and laid solid thought foundation for the long-term legitimacy of Communist Party of China. The main contents of Mao Zedong ruling thought can be divided into the following aspects: (One) On the ruling target of the party. Mao Zedong regarded building a socialist modern country as the ruling target of the party from the angles of providing solid material basis for new socialist system. (Two) On the ruling foundation of the party. Mao Zedong revolved round the reinforcement of ruling status of the party and consolidation of ruling basis, put forward many important thoughts: establishing the political system with Chinese characteristics to reinforce the political foundation of the party's governance, developing social productivity to reinforce the material foundation of the party's governance, integrating the ideology to reinforce the ideological foundation of the party's governance, trusting and depending on the crowd to reinforce the mass foundation of the party's governance.(Three) On the ruling environment of the party. The ruling environment is an important factor that influences the stability of ruling status and the realization of ruling target. In order to optimize the ruling environment of the party, Mao Zedong emphasized to establish a stable social environment and a peaceful international environment. (Four) On the ruling safety of the party. In order to ensure the ruling safety of Communist Party of China itself, Mao Zedong put forward ideas of constructing a strong national defense army, insisting party's absolute leadership for troops, watching out for and resisting peaceful evolution etc.(Five) On the construction of the ruling party. Mao Zedong believed the key of strengthening the party construction is keeping people's political power and strengthening the ruling position. He advocated the emphasis on thought construction in order to raise the whole party's Marxism-Leninism theoretical level; fighting against bureaucracy to tighten party-crowd relations; upholding the party's unity to strengthen the fighting strength of the party; administering the party strictly to severely punish corruptions. (Six) On the ruling principle of the party. Serving the people heart and soul is the fundamental ruling principle of the party, and the core of Mao Zedong ruling thought. It is a theme which penetrated the whole contents of Mao Zedong ruling thought, the ruling purpose and value mindset of Communist persons is fully embodied. Mao Zedong ruling thought is enrichment and development of Marxist ruling theory, it is also a theoretical weapon that guides the party's ruling practice and the resources and bases of ruling theory quest of Chinese Communist persons. Under the guidance of Mao Zedong ruling thought, Chinese Communist party obtains great ruling achievement. Chinese society witnessed fundamental changes, thus providing economic, political and cultural conditions for a strong, democratic and civilized socialist modern country, and laid a solid foundation for the overall renewal of the Chinese nation. The basic contents of Mao Zedong ruling thought is still the basic ruling principle of Communist Party of China today, it guided the party's ruling practice, highlighted its theoretical value and the strategic eyesight of Mao Zedong under new historical condition. As an outcome of particular historical period and the fruits of Chinese Communist persons'quest of ruling theory, Mao Zedong ruling thought inevitably took the branding of the period, and has its limitations which is mainly shown as follows: The antinomy of the ruling party historical directions and revolutionary party inertial thinking, namely indiscriminately imitating the concrete experience of the revolution war under the historical condition of party ruling; the ruling strategy of attaching greater importance on moral ruling than law ruling; the ruling ways of indiscrimination of party-government and high centralization of power. Regardless of successful ruling experience or deep ruling lessons, they are all precious wealth of the party. Studying Mao Zedong ruling thought and summarizing ruling lessons and experience of Communist Party of China has important referential and inspirational meaning for us to innovate the party's ruling theory, improve the party's ruling ability, strengthen the party's ruling status under new historical condition.