Thd Compromise Among Nations: Concept History And Affect

Nowadays, with economic globalization developing in depth, scientific and technological revolution gathering momentum, national interdependence in full swing, peace, development and cooperation remain the main themes of the present era. Based on the correct understanding of the pulse of present era, our government proposes building a harmonious world. The bran-new changes and concepts require us to understand the world from the bran-new angle of view so as to dialyze the developmental and evolution law of international relations and correctly grasp the world's future developmental trends, which is the new subject that international political theory research faces.For a long time, western countries are ahead of the curve in international political theory research. Especially in America, there were three large-scale academic controversies after 1940s, whose theoretical research reached its climax and most of whose theoretical productions were worthy of using for reference and learning. However, there are deficiencies in contemporary western international relations theory. From the theoretical point of view, there are obvious interfluves between material doctrine and conscious doctrine. In the developmental history of modern science, under the influence of Descartes' philosophical thought, studying the respective parts instead of the whole effectively promotes the scientific development, while emphasizing too much on the parts and ignoring the whole restricts the further development of the scientific research. Both matter and consciousness are indispensable factors in the international politics. From the methodology, under the influence of scientific philosophy, western international relations theory artificially divides the relationship between theory and history and walks up to metaphysics while pursing the strictness of theoretical paradigm. The above-mentioned two deficiencies make that the western international relationship theory cannot interpret the reality adequately.Based on the above understanding, the present thesis takes compromise among nations as the subject which uses two basic theoretical standpoints of the western international relations theory for reference. The first standpoint is "country as center". Breaking through the research paradigm of "country as center" is one important factor in the development of western international relations theory. But in any case, no one can deny the country's central position in international politics. Therefore, "country as the center" is the basic point in the mainstream of the theory and this thesis also sticks to this point. The second standpoint is "power as nucleus". Power is the key concept in politics and the basic point of international political theory research. The thesis is also about the power. On the other hand, using the term of "compromise" represents the inclination of revisionism. Compromise is the inter-subjective phenomenon and will be influenced by beliefs and values. These non-material factors are introduced into the power relationship to make integrated study. In addition, in terms of concrete study process, the thesis uses that of holism from constructivism, develops its study with the relationship of "agent--structure". At the same time, with the guidance of Marxism, this study sticks to the unity of logic and history, strives to unite the theoretical generalization and historical development.Balance of power is the longest and the most far-reaching power theory. The study starts with balance, first gives a brief review of the practice and theory of balance, then analyzes its problems and the reasons, points out the thoughts nucleus of power balance is the balance principle of machines which cannot interpret the social phenomenon. On this basis, the thesis gives a definition to the compromise among nations: in the special historical condition, in a relatively long historical periods, the diplomatic policy of most countries presents the relatively stable inclination of compromise, then it forms a compromise situation and compromise culture and makes it as their own behavioral norm, thus the whole system presents the structural characteristics of compromise which promotes the countries to promise unwilling attitude towards the uses of force and threat of force, encouraging tolerance , respect among different cultures, resolving disputes by peaceful means and developing cooperation among nations. Then, the thesis analyzes the basic function and generative condition of the compromise among nations: maintaining world peace and promoting cooperation is its basic function; the relative balance of strengths, the subjective willingness and the political and cultural are its generative conditions. Then this study analyzes the two main aspects of the compromise among nations: power relation and international criterion.According to the definition to the compromise among nations, the thesis then review its historical development. the thesis considers that although the compromise among nations is very common, there were only three ones as structural characterizes in the international system: Concert of Europe, League of Nations and United Nations. This study reviews the compromise among nations among in the three different frameworks and mainly analyzes three guidelines: whether the countries are consciously practice the compromise policy; whether the power distribution among nations is balanced; whether it forms corresponding international criterion. It also briefly analyzes and comments the compromise among nations in different periods.After reviewing the historical conformation, the thesis analyzes actuality of the compromise among nations. First, it presents multi-administrative and multi-dimensional developmental trends. The study points out that different countries display different development and evolution trends in the era of globalization: the main developed countries intend to new liberalism; some developing countries intend to new mercantilism, while socialist countries implement the policy of reforming and opening, these new changes are the main driver of the multi-administrative and multi-dimensional developmental trends of the compromise of countries' power. The thesis also analyzes the widespread of nationalism, especially the ultranationalism, such as hegemonism, ethnic separatism, macro-nationalism, chauvinism and exclusionism as the obstacles for further development of compromise among nations. but all of these ultranationalism is not the mainstream of the world, so they can not prevent the further development of the compromise among nations.On the basis of the reviewing of history and actuality of the compromise among nations, the thesis is established in the macro-scopical point of view, analyzes and summarizes its function and effect in international politics. The study deems that form the out-of-order to the orderly development is the inevitable developmental trend of international politics and presents as its enforcement of sociality. During the process, the out-of-order of international politics decreases and sociality increases. The function of power compromise among countries reflects in three aspects. First, impel the establishment of the international order through facilitating the countries' interdependence, accelerating them to form the social contract, and promoting the establishment of international system. Second, boost up the country's identity in the international society through hastening the construction of the country's status. Third, the power compromise can effectively promote the form, development and in-accept of the collaborative international non-government culture. Through the function of the three aspects, power compromise impulses the enforcement of the international political sociality.Finally, the thesis expounds the relationship between the power compromise among countries and building harmonious society. It briefly introduces the process of putting forward the notion of harmonious world and points out its universal value. It also points out that there are essential differences between the compromise among nations and harmonious world, the former is a structural characteristic spontaneously formed during the international political developmental process, while the latter will be built with the whole world's efforts. Despite this, there is internal consistency between them, which can be summed into three aspects: non-rivalry international relationship; international co-win and coexistence society; the world developmental trend of advancement. Based on the consistency between the two, the thesis describes that the development of the power compromise among countries can promote international relations democratization, maintain the world civilization diversity, and improve the efficiency of global fathering. These three aspects are the very basic contents of building harmonious world. Hence, the thesis concludes that power compromise is the ladder to the harmonious world.In a word, the thesis circles the subject of the compromise among nations, discusses it from three aspects of definition, history and function, and carries profound study. Although most of the thesis is exposing the problems related with the compromise among nations, the implied theme is to search the reasonable path to building harmonious world.