Researches On The Compromise Mechanism In The Political Development Of The United States

In the traditional political culture of western and Chinese areas, there is profound spirit of compromise which is a very abstruse political wisdom. Such political compromise played an irreplaceable role in the history of western and Chinese political development. This kind of political wisdom is to avoid the violence, beyond the co-operation and gave the birth to democracy. However, in the recent China which is full of Marxist theory and revolutionary theolry, the main methods to resolve the political conflict are political revolution and class struggle. The value of political compromise is understood as weakness, surrender, betrayal and so on one-sidedly. And that such values had been increasing in the early stages of nation-building. With the consolidating of the ruling position of Communist Party of China and the fading of the revolutionary theory, the orientaion of the value of political compromise is still in an awkward situation. But the historical practices in the west and China indicate the necessity of the value return of Chinese political compromise. On behalf of some western countries, the United States continually holds the spirit of political compromise and establishes their own political system depending on such spirit. The United States' political compromise which is been highly self-identified to the culture of compromise becomes not only the primary method of political development but also the typical model of western political compromise. So this article chooses compromise mechanism which is formed in the development of American politics as its main studying object. This object can not only reflect the different political logic in the western politics but also represent the positive significance of political compromise. By re-inspecting the nature and value of political compromise, we can deeply recognize the changes of the concept of Communist Party of China and father consider the prospects of the development of Chinese social harmony and stability.This article is composed of three chapters which is based on the history in the political development of the United States to research the political compromise mechanism. The first chapter aims to explore the necessity of the value returning of political compromise in the interior political development on the new stage of "the only revolutionary theory" being questioned, "the harmonious and stable" being the mordern political words and the structure of traditional political words being deconstructed. By comparing the political developments between China and western countries, It is obvious that the political revolution and class struggle are the main forms to resolve the political conflicts in the recent China, but the political compromise is been neglected. However, on behalf of the western countries, the United States continually adopts political compromise as its the best way to dealing with the conflits and cultivates a spirit of harmonious compromise. Through long-term practice, the United States has formed a mature and effective system of the compromise mechanism which aims to integrate the social conflicts and maintain the social stability. In respond to the desires of the social development, we need to learn from the experiences of western countries' development. The United States is the typical one with mature political compromise mechanism. So choosing the United States as our studying object is a significant reference to Chinese harmonious and stability. With the above-mentioned problem, this paper firstly discusses the definition of political compromise and cards the study status about this aspect in the domestic and abroad.The second chapter mainly explores several important political compromises based on the history of the development of the American politics. Because of this analysis being a conversion process from subjective concept to objective reality, this article aims to restore the framework of political compromise through simplfying the process by the bridge of political words. These several typical political compromises which are analysed in this paper represent different forms of political compromise and have great historical significance. The first one is to disclose the lack of British political compromise through analysing the rise of the colonial revolution in America. The second one is to reveal the political compromise in the Constituent Assembly through analysing the formation and the approval of the "Federal Constitution". The third one is to reveal the political compromise in the period of Civil War through analysing the causes and effects of Civil War. The last one is to reveal the political compromise in the area of the Amerian culture through analysing the evolvement of the problem of the African-American.The third chaper is the focus of this article. It expatiates the characteristics of political compromise mechanism and analyses the mature political compromise mechanism of the United States through analysing above representative histories. The characteristics of American compromise mechanism can be boiled down into the following aspects: firstly, the non-necessity of the banlance of each power; secondly, the insistent degree of sticking to the principles which is the key to decide the final result; thirdly, the combination between the hidden mechanism and the dominant mechanism. These features are exhibited in the above examples' analysis which has important referenced value to deal with the different types of political compromise. By analysing the process of political compromise mechanism of the United States, this paper summarizes two compromise mechanisms. One is the vertical mechanism, and the other one is the horizontal mechanism. The vertical one can be summarized as: the process through the filtration of lower floor benefits enters into the final negotiation of higher floor benetits. The horizontal mechanism can be summarized as: the horizontal division of power which can achieve compromise on recognitions, benefits and actions through full negotiation. Both mechanisms weave a integrated net of the American politcal compromise. And the inherent power promoting the effective running of this mechanism is the spirite of compromise in the religious culture.Thereof, this aritcle considers the political compromise as the focus of the United States' politics. It comes from the American social culture, becomes a usual method to solve important political problems in the United States, and finally, forms a relatively mature and organic mechanism. This mechanism plays an irreplaceable and important role for the United States' stability. At present, the Communist Party fo China treats "harmonious and stable" as the highest political goal. So the Communist Party of China needs to not only build up compromise political consciousness but also construct a scientific compromise mechanism with Chinese characteristics to integrate the multi-requirements of the social benefits.