The Study On Ecological Migration In Western China

The ecological migration in western China is population equilibrium activity that is involved many aspects, influenced deeply, and which scale is large in western rural society development. It is important in China for western development, ecological restoration, improving western people's life. Government organized the activity, and provided money, selected the place for immigration, to reduce non-voluntary mind to accelerate pauper who live in deteriorated ecological area to migrate. Then it can reduce the press of ecology and provide the pauper new environment to enhance work and living quality. The dissertation analyze the problems and current situation of ecological migration from its origin, system supply and decision machanism by some research methods such as field investigate of society, economical system analysis, mode building and case analysis. At last it put foreword the strategies and countermeasures for western ecological migration development.At first, it expounds the base and system of ecological migration theory. It consider the basic theory include sustainable development theory, ecological restoration theory, ecological economy theory, migration theory and aid-the-poor theory. The main assignment of ecological migration research is to build a perfect mode to resolve the ecological deteriorate and poverty problem and to accelerate ecology, resource and population sustainable development.The second chapter analyzes the origination and present situation. It is the inner reason that the conflict between western fragility ecology and comparative heavy population press became acute since last century. The system of western ecology and economy is difficult to restore by itself because the bear the weight of ecology descended and population increased. The ecological migration which began since 1980 is one of effective measures to restore western ecological economic system, which has been paid attention by economic, ecological and sociological researcher. At present the population number of ecological migration is 3.2 millions, who migrated from poverty western China since 1983. The basic experience of ecological migration is to respect the popular will, volunteer and national social customs and habits. Not only the new village's conditions of living, education, and health service should meet migration, but also should give the migration steady income conditions and some certification such as land use certification, residence registration, which is only way to make people to migrate, stabilize, be wealth and restore ecology. It analyzes to achievements of economy, social and ecology. In general, the integrating achievements are great, but there are some shortages of the migrant psychology and culture introjecting and achievement of migrant short-distance.The third chapter analyzes the types and every type's systemic supply. It analyzed to types from the reason, types of migration place, distance of migration, transformation of mode of production, the mode of setting down, then to conclude the characteristic of all kinds of types. In general, the systemic supply of western ecological migration cannot meet the practical demand, which made some shortages and obstacles existing in some aspects such as investment, design target of migration, selecting and building the place for immigration.The fourth chapter is to build the decision mode of ecological migration. The bodies of decision include the state, region government and migrator. The decision target of the state, region government and migrator are difference according as Game Theory. The state's target is ecological restoration and aid-the-poor, the region government target is achievements in one's post and money, the migration's target is to get money and better environment for working and living. Difference target leads to difference decision element. The decision element of the state include ecology and poverty, the decision element of region government include achievement, system or policy, and money, the decision element for migrator include personality, distance, infrastructure, culture and migratory cost.At last, the sixth chapter put forward the strategic ideas, targets, measures and steps. It provides some countermeasures for scientific selecting and building the place for immigration, to optimize action of region government to support present ecological migration work. It consider that region government should follow the principles including ecological sustainable development, land supply effective, perfect basic infrastructure and social service system, which is the countermeasure for selecting place to migration. To do well plan, construction and community introjecting is the scientific construction for the place of migration. To make the implement procedure criterion, to guarantee the money supply, to pay attention to migrator work and life is the countermeasures to optimize region government action for ecological migration.