Contemporary Chinese Ngo And Human Rights Protection

Non-governmental Organizations(NGOs) originate from Europe and America,they generate and develop under the profound western organizational cultural background. It is generally recognized that NGOs are playing more and more important role in international society,and social administration and service.We don't have enough research and knowing about NGOs in a period of long time,furthermore the research is more limited about the function that NGOs played in the protection of human rights. The researches about NGOs appear more and more in recent years,however the researchers pay more attention to the concept,characteristic,organizational structure, and functions that NGOs played in the fields of world peace,disarmament, international environment protection,economy,culture,poverty alleviation,rescue, religion,philanthropy,their researches are not related to the relationship of NGOs and protection of human rights.Firstly,this dissertation expatiates the basic concepts of NGOs,then explains the activities and function of NGOs in the field of human rights protection.This dissertation is composed of three parts;the first part includes chapter 1 and chapter 2,that mainly analyzes the concepts and activity domains.The second part includes chapter 3 and chapter 4,that mainly analyzes the practice of NGOs and human rights protection in China.The third part is from chapter 5 to chapter 7, contrasts with the human rights protection of government,and the foreign countries, analyzes the restraining factors of NGOs and human rights protection in China.Some human rights organizations of western countries criticize the condition of human rights in China.To face this situation,it is necessary to reinforce the research of NGOs,realize the positive role of NGOs that played in the field of human rights protection.That will help to form the good interaction between the government and NGOs.The theoretical significance of this dissertation is to broaden the study of NGOs,and enhance the cognition of function of NGOs in the field of human rights. The practical significance of this dissertation is to improve the management and service level of domestic NGOs.Since the end of 70's in the 20th Century the Reform and Opening up of China,some international non-governmental organizations(INGOs) came to China,existed in the forms of Enterprise with Foreign Investment or Chamber of Commerce.To the 90's in the 20th Century,in our country NGOs have been developed by leaps and bounds, they increased the contracts with INGOs,and carried out extensive cooperations. However when compared with other developing countries,China only has small number of NGOs.Regulation on the Administration of Foundations has published in 2004.This law confirms the legal nature and the legal status of the foundation in the form of legislation in the first time,and allows INGOs to come to China as the legitimate identity of NGO.Our country doesn't have corresponding laws and regulations to manage NGOs effectively all the time.The research that aims to explore the NGOs behavior patterns,as well as the interaction patterns that with the governments,will raise the awareness and enhance management levels of NGOs.The research results of NGOs mainly focus on these aspects in recent years:the origination and definition of NGOs,the nature and characteristics,the relationship between NGOs and government,and the function of NGOs etc..These research results include the following:Huang Bo,Wu Lezhen,Gu Xiaohua 'NPOs Management'.Wang Ming,'Introduction to NGOs'.Xu Shuangmin,'An Introduction to Public Affairs Management'.Lester M.Salamon,translated by Jia Xijin and Wei Yu,'Global Civil Society:Dimensions of the Nonprofit Sector'.Wang Ming,'A General Survey of Nongovernmental Organizations'.Gong Yongmei,'the Relationships between Social Organization and Government-Taking Suzhou as a Case'.Julie Fisher,translated by Deng Guosheng,'NGO's and the Political Development of the Third World'.Wang Jie,'International Non-Governmental Organizations in Global Governance'.These research results are in favor of the theoretical research and practical development of NGO's,though they also have obvious deficiencies.Firstly,most of the research results focus on the introduction and presentation level of foreign NGOs' theory and practice,and the researches of NGOs' in China lack of theoretical depth.Secondly,these research results quote more academic points of view of foreign scholars,put forward less innovative points of view that related to specific national conditions of China.Thirdly,the researches about specific NGO's are mainly focus on environmental protection,education,peace and security areas,lack of researches about NGO-related activities in the field of human rights.The innovations of this dissertation are:firstly,it collates and analyzes NGOs activities in the field of human rights protection,discusses the involved fields of NGOs human rights protection,concludes and classifies the main activities NGOs involved.Secondly,on the basis of generalization and analysis activities that NGOs protect the human rights,it analyzes the restraining factors of the development of NGOs,that includes:legal system environment,funding sources and financing capacity,human resources management etc..Thirdly,it explains the relationship between NGOs and government from the point of view of human rights,through the comparison of human rights protection activities between NGOs and government, analyzes the NGOs' advantages and limitations in the field of human rights protection.The research of NGOs concerns to political science,economics,law,public administration and sociology etc.,and each discipline provides us with valuable research methods and analysis perspectives.The complexity of NGOs decides that the researches have to use related theories and methods from a number of disciplines for reference.This dissertation is based on the theories of political science,at the same time draws on research methods of sociology,introduces the related theories of Law, in order to generalize clearly the NGOs' situation in the field of human rights protection.