China's Minority Areas, Residents' Quality Of Life And Subjective Well-being Research

In October 2003, the Sixth Plenary Session of its Sixteenth Central Committee of Communist Party of China proposed "Scientific Outlook on Development", The Scientific Outlook on Development takes development as its essence, putting people first as its core, comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development as its basic requirement, and overall consideration as its fundamental approach. This is an all-round development of people in the main line of evolution of society as a whole, it is far more than the simple moraldemands——"meet the survival of mankind". When people's basic needs aremet, the social development goals are turned to how to improve the quality of life and happiness, and promote the comprehensive development of people. Which requires that reflecting the living conditions of the people can not be limited to objective factors, such as income and consumption level, but also should consider the feelings of subjective well-being of residents..Most of minority areas, particularly rural areas, are very poor in China. The development gap between minority areas and the eastern is wider and wider. The gap between East and West becomes China's development challenge.In order to solve this problem, also considering the unique culture of minority areas, we propose a new idea. That is more attention to minority areas and enhancing subjective well-being of residents, while developing economy in minority areas. In this paper, on the basis of home and abroad previous studies, we combined with the reality of minority areas and unique national culture. And we use many research methods, such as qualitative and quantitative, theoretical and empirical, research and analysis, combining macro-and micro, subjective and objective indicators. We also use lots of basic theories, for example, economics, sociology, psychology, ethnology, statistics, environmental science disciplines, etc. we established a quality of life of residents in ethnic minority areas and subjective well-being evaluation index system for the first time, and provide a theoretical framework for evaluation studies. And we use the reliability analysis, item analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis and other methods for testing the system. In this study, the data of quality of life are got from the search-related statistical data, and subjective well-being information is obtained through a questionnaire survey.In the past two years, we have been to Lijiang, Yunnan, Gansu Xiahe and Beijing Miyun for the empirical analysis. And we drew a concluded: the extent of happiness is not significantly related to income, whether people happy or not depends on a lot of non-factor of wealth. Studies have shown that the scores the quality of life of Lijiang are much lower than in Miyun, but its happy index is higher than one in Miyun; Xiahe's index of quality of life is only one half of lijiang's, but their happiness indexes are almost equal. Which shows that whether happy or not is related to job stability of people, interpersonal harmony, and comfortable living environment and so on. Therefore, our ultimate goal should not be to maximize wealth, but to maximize people's happiness. The gap among minority areas, the national average and the eastern region is still very wide. It is necessary to accelerate development, improve quality of life, enhance subjective well-being of residents in ethnic minority areas. At last, we put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from view of our government.