Philosophical Reflection Of The Historical Experience Of Socialist Construction

The socialist movement, for the past more than 100 years, has experienced ups and downs. During the process of revolution, construction and reform of socialism, there comes up rather rich experiences, which are of great value to those going forwards. Philosophy is"essence of the zeitgeist". The theoretical mission and the root of its practical values are to answer questions of the times and the questions that are proposed to socialism, and answers to the above-said questions can be conversed to strong propulsion to advance further socialist development. Our party is a Marxist party good at facing the history and summarizing the experiences and lessons. It is for discovering and deepening the recognition of socialist laws in order to better construct socialism forward in a scientific and conscious way that we look back at history, philosophically review and summarize the socialist experiences to realize the mission of our party.This dissertation includes ten parts, namely preface and nine chapters.The first part focuses on the topic of Marxist philosophy and the historical fate of socialism, which are closely related in socialist development. It is the birth of Marxist philosophy, as scientific"practical forces"that made socialism become reality; socialist practices need to be guided by Marxist philosophy; Marxist philosophy, offering scientific worldview and methodology for socialist practices, makes the practices go more"conscious"and move better in accordance with social regularity; the previous socialist construction provides invaluable experiences to keep it advancing, and it is a necessity for socialist modernization and a"serious"and mature symbol of a party to summarize timely experiences scientifically at a new historical point; the review on socialist experiences should be directed by Marxist philosophy. The root, essence and overall situation can be grasped only from a philosophic perspective and by using the philosophic method to reflect and sum up the experiences so as to transcend the limitations of history, to discover the meaning of history and to grasp the laws of history.The decisive significance of the ideological line in the socialist construction is discussed in the first chapter. The ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts, regarded as the essence of Marxist philosophy, runs through the construction practice of socialism, or the whole development history of socialism, and it is a main line to understand and hold the above-said process. All the mistakes that have been made were rooted in deviating from the scientific ideological line, the correction and development of which keeps China advancing smooth in the development of its socialist construction. History tells us that emancipating the mind is a sutra of socialist construction. It is a political issue concerning the overall situation of socialist construction that unswerving promoting the emancipation of the mind is premise, precursor and protection of going forward. We should make a system and cultural environment suitable for emancipating the mind, strengthen the consciousness and abilities to carry out the ideological line by the way of improving theoretical knowledge, realize the unity of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from the facts, and unify our mind in the process of emancipating the mind.The diversity of the principles and approaches to socialist construction is demonstrated in chapter two. The approaches to socialist development are of primary importance. Marxism, as"a guide to action"providing general direction for development, is not dogma, and we should creatively use and develop it. There is no static mode of socialist development. It is an important experience that combined Marxism with the practice and time in the revolution of socialism. History witnesses that where there comes out the creative combination with a country's characteristics, there flourishes the socialist development. On the contrary, it will be full of setbacks and failures, and the prosperity of socialism in China is a good try of that. Socialism is a continuous process of exploration. We should correctly understand and grasp the principles of socialism, and achieve the value pursuit of socialism while adhering to and developing it.It is set forth in Chapter three that the construction of socialism is a long-term process and includes many phases. The issue of socialist phases is essential in the development of socialist theory and practice, and its essence lies in how to construct socialism under the conditions of China. There used to be overestimation of the development phases of socialism in that it neglected the long-term and arduous process of construction, in so doing there encountered many mistakes and frustration. In the practice of China's reform and opening up, the theory of the primary socialist stage was brought forward and perfected, which help China with the construction of socialism in the right direction in order to make our actions based on realities. At the new historical point, we should further analyze and grasp the new stage characteristics of China, on which we base our further reform and development, while adhering to the basic judgment that China is still in primary phase of socialism.The fourth chapter is an argument which attempts to demonstrate the issue of the basic contradiction and reform of socialism. Reform is an inner requirement of socialist contradiction movement. Socialism, requiring solving its problems in the continuous changes of the construction, is one kind of society to keep advancing, and the approach of opening up the road is to tackle the contradiction that appears in socialism. This solution lies in socialist reform, which provides direct propulsion for the development of socialism. It is testified that reform is the only way of unfolding the socialist road. History has persuasively proved that reform and opening up is the road we must follow to develop socialism with China's characteristics, and realize the great revival of Chinese people, and only by doing this, we can successfully develop China and socialism. Reform, as a great revolution, is long-term historical task for socialist construction. There will be many ups and downs in the process of reform, so we should advance it with stronger determination and more effort to achieve the goal of socialist development.Chapter five is to review the fundamental task of socialism and the systematization of socialist construction. Socialism, as a society to get full development, is needed to progress under the interaction of many factors, so that it is a grand and systemic project of construct socialism. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp and take good use of the dialectics of socialist construction, to hold tight the essential task of socialism, and to handle every relation appearing in the socialist construction in order that the full development and progress of socialist construction can be carried out in the process of the contradiction being solved. It is a summary of historical experiences of socialist construction, and an urgent requirement of socialist construction in the new stage that socialist construction should follow the scientific development, which means to bring about overall, coordinated and sustainable development, and to stick to the essential methods of integration.What chapter six wants to show is that there is unity of opposites between socialism and capitalism. It is a giant theoretical and practical issue that socialism should scientifically deal with the relation with capitalism. There appeared mistakes in the history of socialist construction. Socialism ought to learn from all civilizations including capitalism, if it prepares to develop smoothly. Socialism, as a certain product of social development, has an essence to open up and develop. Socialist construction should base on both its own practical experiences and valuable heritage of previous civilizations. Currently, economic globalization is in rapid development, and every civilization must face it and finds its way to follow the tendency. It is a long-term topic for socialism to correctly deals with capitalism. What we should do is that we grasp the relation of socialism and capitalism in the unity of opposites, and that we should learn from capital civilization, while adhering to socialist direction, independent development and self-reliance.Chapter seven emphasizes the contradictions among socialism and importance to construct a harmonious society. It is a strategic task put forward by our party to construct a harmonious society in China. This task, embodying the new recognition of socialism of our party and the development of Marxism, results from deepening and expanding the thought that our party takes the contradictions among people as the main topic of political life in China in current situation. Social harmony is a natural attribute of socialism and a certain requirement of socialist development.To make social harmony true, we, under the direction of Scientific Outlook on Development, should correctly deal with the contradictions of the people by deepening reform, promoting overall advancement of society in the new times Chapter eight tells that there is unity between the development of socialism and human beings themselves. The scientific movement of socialism is a practical result of Marxism, which is a theory about people's liberation. Socialist system has a people-oriented characteristic, and the object of socialist development lies in the development of people. In previous socialist development, we made mistakes of neglecting the overall development of people, and the development relation between society and people was not well handled. Facing the same historical theme and tests of new time, our party proposes the people-oriented Scientific Outlook on Development, based on summarizing the historical experiences of socialist construction and fresh experiences. People-oriented requirement means that the Party and the state should base their actions on the essential interest of the most majority of people, and adhere that social development is for the better life of people, and that social development achievements be jointly enjoyed by peopleThe main intention of chapter nine is to expound the twists and turns of socialist development, thought to be a process full of risks and challengers with unavoidable mistakes and setbacks. History has proved to be a process of unity of twists and turns. But, we should have strong belief that socialism is a certain substitute of capitalism. We, having a responsible attitude to hasty, should treat the achievements and mistakes of socialist construction dialectically and realistically, and learn from the experiences and lessons. Socialism is to confront and rightly respond to the challenges brought by technology revolution and economic globalization in current and future development so as to show the advantages of socialism. The key to the success of socialist construction lies in the ruling party, and we should take the giant engineering of party building as an approach to promote the cause of socialist construction. This requires to achieve the Party's guiding ideology of the times, to strengthen and improve the Party's governing capability and advanced nature.