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Ssu-ch' Ing Movement Of Mumian Village

Posted on:2011-04-14Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:H F NongFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116360308476397Subject:Anthropology
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
Socialist educational movement happened from 1963 to 1966 (also named"Ssu-ch'ing movement") is a political movement before which is"great leap forward"and after which is culture revolution and is an important political events in contemporary Chinese history.In recent years, historian circles mainly probed around the origin, process, contents, experiences and lessons of"Ssu-ch'ing movement", ideological differences between MAO Ze-dong and LIU Shao-qi, the historical evaluation and other problems. The dissertation attempts to discuss the practice of the"Ssu-ch'ing movement"in countryside from the perspective of anthropology including the operational logic in the grassroots level of the workforce representing the state power in"Ssu-ch'ing movement"and attitudes, misfortunes and their reactions of the village carders, the villagers and the so-called"four elements"as local agents.In this study, the author try to discuss the operational logic of"Ssu-ch'ing movement"in the grassroots from four aspects cased by MU Mian village located the border of China and Vietnam. First, the author simply explained the background the state launching this movement, mainly from the upper perspective to understand how did the state plan to transform the countryside in the era of collectivization. Second, how did the workforce representing the state power enter into the countryside in"Ssu-ch'ing movement"and how did they exercise the state power in the countryside. Third, how did the rural elite deal with it after the state power arriving in countryside in"Ssu-ch'ing movement"and what was the respective action logic. Forth, how did ordinary people exercise the power of evaluating others in the community given by"Ssu-ch'ing movement". The dissertation can be mainly divided into two parts, the first part contained the first and second chapter, mainly understanding the first topic. The second part contained the third, fourth, fifth and sixth chapter, mainly understanding the second, third and fourth topic. The introduction and final thoughts of the dissertation separately presented the origin and conclusion of the study。Based on the interview materials from the field investigation and the materials of"Ssu-ch'ing movement"preserved intact by MU Mian village, observing from the above four dimensions, the dissertation drew the following three basic conclusions.First, as the social actors of the village, Firstly, all village cadres reviewed their four impure problems in this movement and part of cadres was excluded from the power of the village in the power reorganization of this community, part of cadres came into power by the strength of the workforce.Secondly, in this movement, ordinary people obtained the power of evaluating the right and wrong of cadres led by the workforce, which actually is a terrace taken out their complaint given by the state and also a method letting them feel the superiority of collective system.Thirdly, in this movement,"four elements", regarded as political pariah, beard the brunt. The so-called"political impure problem"mean the village cadres had close relationships with"four elements". From which, we can see that manufacturing class enemies is the important way to control countryside for the state. Second as to the relationship between the state and the rural society.in Ssu-ch'ing movement, after the state power came to the village, the relations between state and rural society presented complicated appears. In the movement, the state power actually got expansion, but it had another aspect of dissimilation. State power as a kind of political power had an aspect of letting people obey and in the movement, In the movement, many village cadres offered their four impure behaviors to be criticized by the masses awed by the power of the workforce. But the state power as a kind of force, like a physical force playing on objects at the same time getting reaction of objects. Those cadres excluded from the power had no way facing the state power, while no way did not mean no ideas. When proper chance was given to them, they will take advantage of the opportunity to react against it.Thirdly, as to the historical lessons.in Ssu-ch'ing movement some village cadres'correct opinions and practices was criticized which led to peasants'poor life and left many sequels which give us lessons are that in the process of constructing socialist new countryside today, country should not excessively intervene rural affairs and let peasants control their destiny of their own。This research is an ethnographical case study based on participant observation and the local first-hand materials, so the field materials presented in this dissertation and the relevant conclusions were inevitably affected by this endemic. In spite of all this, I still hope that my findings can provide inspiration to better understand the relationships which is a universal problem between the state and rural society in era of collectivization。...
Keywords/Search Tags:Ssu-ch'ing movement, The era of collectivization, State, Rural, society
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