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On Evolvement Of Teacher-students Relationships In The Transformation Of Confucianism

Posted on:2012-09-28Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:Z D WenFull Text:PDF
GTID:1117330335465934Subject:History of education
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
The teacher-students relationship in the history was reviewed under the background of Confucianism evolvement. In pre-Qin period, " Ru" changed into Confucianism, and some other theories were absorbed; In Han dynasty, Confucianism was separated, delighted and governed. In WeiJin SuiTang period, Confucianism developed in competing and blending with Buddhism and Taoism. In Song dynasty, in the efforts from Zhou Dunyi to ZhuXi, after absorbing Buddhism and Taoism, Confucianism increased reason, and behaved in "Liism". So, it can explain social and nature phenomenon. In Yuan-Ming-Qing period, "Liism" became official philosophy, and spreaded its influence. In post-Ming period, feudalism System corruption, Confucianism rigidified, and walked into doctrinism formalism. So it couldn't restrain human nature. Wang Yangming's "Xinxue" rose. But its extremists put away moral courtesy and standard, and enjoyed them to the full. So they suffered attack. Some thought that Ming died of "Xingxue". So they attributed the dying to Xinxue, and condemned it. In early-Qing period, governors called for Confucianism. But its moralism couldn't afford the social need. After Opium War, west-thinking affection increased. There was conflict between Confucianism and west theory. The Confucianism's conservation and corruption were showed. So Confucianism was abandoned. With the Qing government and imperial examinations passing away, the broadcast approach was cut off. The political backbone fell. So the Confucianism's decline was certain. But some ideas were not perished. They cling to other theories, and continued to work on.Confucianism influenced the teacher-students relationship in such way:first, Confucianism shape man. Confucianism influence value view and human nature view, and regulated ethic rule between teacher-students. Second, Confucianism built up phenomenon to respect teachers. When Confucianism was identified, the teachers' status was high, and teachers were honored. On the contrary, the teachers were looked down on. So, Confucianism changed with development of teachers-students relationship. In pre-Qin period, it was the beginning and development of teacher-students relationship. The teacher-students' bondage was ethic. The rank between teacher and student was almost equal. Teacher and student could co-criticize. In Multi-Contend, theories blended. Dignified teacher increased the space between teacher-students. In Han dynasty, it was the time to establish teacher-student relationship. In early-Han period, there were many Xunzi's students. So, XunZi's thinking was spread. Dignified Confucianism Only was adopted; it was necessary to master Confucianism, if someone wanted to become an officer. The students had to cling to teacher, because only teachers had books. The material ingredient was added into the teacher-students relationship. Teacher-students were not equal. In end of West Han dynasty, the clan disaster forced the intellectuals leave regime. To secure an official position mainly depended on family status. So enthusiasm to study was low. The teacher-students relationship wasn't firm from WeiJin to Tang dynasty. In Song dynasty, Liism emphasized the ethic. So teacher-students relationship was strengthened. But, in the schools owned by government, with the "San She Fa" putting into practice, some teachers took advantage from power. This polluted the teacher-students relationship. In Yuan-Ming-Qing period, Confucianism was raised to high position. Imperial examinations and education was governed. The relationship was strict. But in private schools, there were teacher-students group surpassing profit.In the all, the Confucianism development and the change of teacher-students relationship wasn't corresponding. The change modes behaved in complex form. There were collective characters, detailed traits and many shapes.
Keywords/Search Tags:Confucianism, teacher-students relationships, evolvement
PDF Full Text Request
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