An Empirical Research On Fitness And Health Model Built By Home And Kindergarten Among Preschool Children

Due to too much attention on intellectual education, ignoring physical education, over-protection in childcare and unscientific parental manner, so that the physical fitness and health of 3-6 years old preschool children is much poorer than developed countries, improving the physique and health of preschool children is imminent. The aim of this research is to explore an effective model of promoting physical fitness and healthy development, both from the perspective of the family and the kindergarten.In this paper, using cluster sampling method to select one first-rate and first class kindergarten as an experimental subject. Select the other kindergarten which condition is close to it as the control subject. The intervention for the first grade and the second grade in experimental kindergarten last for 14 months, the third grade children promoted to higher grade later, so the intervention just last for 9months. The control kindergarten didn't do anything.The core idea of this intervention is both from family and kindergarten to improve children and parental ways to promote preschool children's physical fitness and health. The intervention object of family is parents, the intervention are holding physical and health education lectures regularly, giving bulletin about healthy knowledge and promoting healthy booklet, and so on. The main intervention object of kindergarten is teachers, the intervention are training and supervision of physical education, implementation of the plans and arrangement of physical education lessons, the design and innovation about sports environment.To assess intervention effects, the research held three system test, that is before, the end of the first stage and the end stage of the intervention. The content including body shape, physical function and fitness, and recorded the children's rate of sickness absence in every month during the intervention. The results show that:(1) From the index of the body shape, The average of Height, weight, chest and fat percentage in each group(the same grade and the same sex as one group) of the children in experimental garden was a little better than the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. (2) From the indexes of physical function, The average of resting heart rate of the children in experimental group was a little better than the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The average of basal metabolic rate of boy in the first grade was obvious significant than the control group, the difference in other group was not statistically significant. The balance beam and standing on one foot were obvious better than the control group, older children were no significant differences in each group. (3) From the indexes of fitness, the average of the 10-meter shuttle run and 30 meters of the children in experimental group were significant better than control group, the average of continuously jumping, climbing for 20 meters in the first grade and middle grade were better than control group, the average of the children in the third grade were no significant differences in each group. (4) From the statistics of the rate of sickness absence, children's resistance to disease increased with the increase of intervention time.Although part of the indexes didn't show significant superiority comparing with the control group, but almost all the indexes have been showing an improving trend, and the effect of intervention was more significant with the increase of increase of intervention time. This shows that the model about cooperation of families and kindergarten in the near future promoting physical fitness and health is difficult to have a significant effect for a short time, but with the intervention time increased, preschool children's physical fitness and health must be greatly improved.