The Demographic And Economic Development Study Of Chinese Northeast Region

Combining with the population theory and the region economy development theory, this paper studies on the relation of northeast Chinese population and economic development, with multi angle and total systematic analysis, including the characteristic and factors of total population and trend of migration, and the problems and characteristic of population age and spatially disposition structure in northeast China; The development process and differences between urban and rural of the birth and deaths level; the development of the migration process and characteristics during the fifth population survey; at last, the paper described the influences to the economy by the population change respectively.This article can be divided into six chapters. The first chapter is introduction. It mainly includes background, review, and some theory related to the contents of home and foreign research, and introduced methods of research and innovation.The second chapter is to analyses the changes of the population after 1949. This chapter made an overview about the population change and development traits of the three provinces in the northeast, by analyzing the process of population to get the traits of population changes of the three provinces in northeast, including the speed of population growth, the uneven distribution of population, the initial population growth, the population concentrated in the city, and the Jilin province population distribution is more than other provinces'towns; secondly, analyzed the traits of the northeast region demographic structure changes and some problems, including population's age structure, gender structure, and the distributed structure. The problems of the age structure is including quickly aging speed, the birthrate of Liaoning province lower speed reduced faster, the rate of population aged 65 and higher than the average level, the speed of ageing is faster, the working age population is being older and old before rich;the population gender structure has some problems, including that gender rate is lower than the average level, gender structure unevenly distributed in particular area; the spatial distribution of structural problems is mainly include the uneven equilibrium of the distribution of population, the large gap between these provinces'internal population and the population density.Chapter three is to analyze the changes of birth rate in the northeast region. First, it introduced the concept of reproductive and influential factors of the birthrate. It includes biological factor, the reproductive material, equipment and technology, the will, economic conditions, the population policy; secondly, it surveyed the development process of our country's birthrate, and mainly divided into six stage of development, and the development process and regional differences of three provinces in northeast china; at last, made comparative analysis about born population and the birth rate of the northeast three provinces , the characteristic is as follows : before 1970s, the birth rate is higher than the average national level in Jilin and Heilongjiang province, the birthrate which is under the average level declined rapidly between Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces;secondly, by comparing the relationship between three provinces, we can know that Liaoning province birthrate is minimum, lower than Jilin, Heilongjiang provinces; third, according to birthrate population, although the Liaoning province's birth rate is lower than other two provinces comparatively, but from the quantity of birth it was higher than the other two provinces before 1969.Chapter four is to analyze the death changes of northeast. Firstly, it introduced the death concept and reasons; the cause of death generally includes infectious diseases, degeneration from chronic disease illness, maternity and baby diseases, external causes of death and social and economic conditions. Different levels of economic development will make different causes of death, the infectious diseases and maternity and baby diseases will be the main cause of death when economic development is lower, while the degeneration from chronic disease illness is the main cause of death when the economy is developed. Secondly, it also analyzed the death rate change process of the three provinces, meanwhile, compared to other region of all over the country and found that the death rate of northeast region is lower than the level of mortality, and Jilin provincial level is highest in 1979, but in 1983, Heilongjiang province exceeded it; at last, it refers to the traits of the average life expectancy in the northeast region, and the conclusion is that the average life expectancy of the northeast increased rapidly, and female average life expectancy is higher than male, and the gap is being lager.Chapter five is about the migration of northeast. Migration had made great contribution to the economic of the northeast, so the study of the northeast migration is significant .Firstly, it reviewed six phases of the Chinese population migration; and then narrated northeast population migration phases; at last, summarized the developmental phases of the northeast population migration. First, it is net move-out area during Korea War, net move-in phases during the first five year plans, population move-in fast increase phases of Heilongjiang province, dimensions deflation phases during three years regulation, net move-out phases during the third five years plan, net move-in phases during the fourth and the fifth five years plan, and the population migration reversed after 1980s; at last, according to the fifth population survey statistics, the paper analyzed the traits of northeast population migration.Chapter six is the center of the study; it stated the relationship between the population and regional economic development. However, according to the analysis of the northeast of population upwards, it is necessary to survey the status of the northeast region's economy. Northeast region is rich in natural resources endowment, low labor costs and high level manpower, but there is a serious human capital loss ; from the industrial structure aspect, northeast region is still in heavy chemical industry phases, and the second industrial output is high, but the overall industrial value is rather low. Primary industry proportion is higher than other Chinese areas, but the proportion of the third industry is lower, compared with other areas, there are no comparative advantages. secondly, according to the analysis of the northeast status in our country, the conclusion is as follows: although there are many favorable conditions for the development of northeast, but it confronted many difficulties about the future development, Systematic obstacles, resources dependent heavily, unreasonable industrial structure, funding shortage, the low level of high-tech industrialization, financial lag. And it analyzed the population age structure, population urban and rural structure and population industrial structure with the methods of computation. Finally, it related the influence of the migration to the northeast regional economic development, including the influence of the migration cultural structure to the regional economic development and the economic development reaction to migration.