The Research Of New China's Ideological And Political Education Policy Changes

Since the founding of New China,the government attached great importance to the ideological and political education work, and issued a large number of policy documents. However, the actual effect of the policy is not satisfactory. The reason for this result is caused by many factors, but the ideological and political education policy itself can not be ignored. The reason is that the ideological and political education policy is the bridge to connect education theory and practice. The policy play the role of guide and the statute of the theoretical study and practical activities. Therefore, the paper argues that the ideological and political education policy is a top priority of the ideological and political education research. The research about policy changes is an integral part of policy research. Based on this, the paper examined the ideological and political education policy changes, analyzed the institutional problem behind ideological and political education policy changes.Historical institutionalism is the the framework of the paper,which concerned about the "history", attempted to enlarge the historical perspective to identify the structural, historical causality of the events. At the same time, historical institutionalism focus on the institutional problems in the process of studying history. On the one hand, historical institutionalism viewed the system as a dependent variable to analyze what factors affect system changes, formed the theory of institutional change; the other hand, viewed the system as independent variables to study how the system affects political behavior, organizational relations, policy methods, and the theory of system performance was formed. In the study of institutional change, the theory of path dependence was formed also.According to the analytical framework of historical institutionalism, the paper has combed the historical context of the ideological and political education policy change, divided into the selection and start-up, exploration and alienation, disorder and stagnation, recovery and reconstruction, strengthening and improving the five stages. Looking at the ideological and political education policy changes from the text view, the paper argued that policy has always been the dominant position to grasp the ideological and political education, the social theme of education, the kinds of education, education team, and institution-building, but there are also many problems,such as attention to socialand and neglects the needs of students, attention to politics and despise the school management, emphasis on theory than practice, attention to the successors of education but have neglected the civic education. The paper proposed that the ideological and political education policy is dominated by the power elite, in this case, the policy can only reflect and represent the government's interests. Therefore, ideological and political education policy is the result of mandatory changes in the government-led, gradual change results.The paper argued that the "deep structure" and power system generated by the fusion of government and university students is the reason for ideological and political education policy changes. In the power system, the government promote policy change directly. Therefore, the paper argued that the arrangement of the system of government is the root cause of the ideological and political education policy change.The paper presented that the ideological and political education policy under the system of government arrangements shew a logic of "change" and "stationary". Change logic embodied the change from irrational to rational, instrumental value to human values, rigid requirements to the main free, the shift of political generalization to the life of moral education. The stationary logic is the "path dependence", which is reflected in society-based, political education as the main content, theory education as the main method, college and university party and government as the main force for ideological and political education work. The paper argued that the attribution of ideological and political education policy path dependence lies in the system lock.The paper introduced the basic situation of the policy of ideological and political education in the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan and other countries, and analyzed the characteristics and institutional characteristics of ideological and political education policy in these countries. Then gived some inspiration for China's ideological and political education policy, such as government-led, the participation of social organizations and security mechanism, the unity of policy-driven with diversity.From the point of view of the ideological and political education policy changes, the Government has the power to implement interference to policy, showed system dislocation, offside and absence. System defect makes the ideological and political education policy showing the phenomenon that the surface changed but substance unchanged.Therefore, the system construction is the premise of the ideological and political education policy innovation. The paper presented the system construction of China's ideological and political education policy in is the positioning of government functions, to construct the system of multi-network of cooperation, the establishment of the legal system. On the basis of system construction, the policy innovation is to break the lock status of the old policy.