The Influence Of Cultural Contact On Nusu Language

The dissertation is the object of study for Nusu language,Nusu language is mainly distributed in Pihe Village of Fugong County in Yunnan Province. Pihe Nu Village is the only Nu Village in our country, it is the ethnic mixed Districts, its consist of Nu nationality (Nusu branch),Lisu nationality,Bai nationality (Lemo branch) and Han nationality etc. The dissertation takes cultural change theory, language contact theory, cultural linguistics and other related theory as the basis,at multicultural history background,discussing the language life of Lusu people,the word-formation motivation of the Lusu language and its cultural connotation, and the multi-cultural blending take influences on the Lusu language and culture.The dissertation consists of seven parts. The chapter is introductions,its mainly expounds the current research situation and the significance of the dissertation,the scope and the meaning of the research. the subject of the theory and method of use and the area of study, introduces the value and significance of the research,retrospect's the current study at home and abroad,explains the aim and method of the study,and offers the spots which have been investigated and the persons providing language materials. The first chapter mainly expounds the historical background of the Nujiang multi-language and multi-culture blending. Analyzing the historical and cultural background of the Nusu and Lisu,Han,Bai ethnic groups contact, Nusu language and the surrounding of ethnic language contact type. The second chapter is to describe Nusu's language life with the multi-culture background. The third chapter mainly expounds the word-formation motivation of Nusu language and its cultural connotation. and analyzing the word formation of Nusu language about kinship terms, plow terms, the primitive religions,the place names,the color words and its cultural connotation. The fifth chapter mainly expounds the inheritance and development trend of Nusu language and culture with multi-culture blending. The last chapter is the conclusion part, it analysis the complex manifestations of the language influence in Pihe region, thinking that the influence of the multi-culture blending is profound to Nusu's language and culture, we should pay attention to the protection of the minority language and culture.Through the study, we can draw the following views.(1)According to the actual situation of Nusu and the surrounding ethnic groups contact,we divided the contact of the Nusu language and Lisu language, Chinese.Bai language into four categories, namely geopolitical type contact, religious culture form contact, education type contact and business type contact.(2)In the long process of the interactive groups, especially the development of the modern social life, Nusu people not only use native language,but also use Lisu language and Chinese concurrently. Lusu language and the other languages concurrently complement each other in the expression function and the use function, thus it formed Nusu people's harmonious language life.(3)In Nusu language and culture influence, the multi-culture blending have a profound impact to Nusu language and culture.namely the economic production and life terms, kinship, religious cultural words, Nusu people names and place names,and so on.From the loan words in the economic and production life,we can see that the social economic life changes, as well as the economic and cultural exchanges between Nu nationality with the surrounding nationalities, such as Lisu nationality, Han nationality, Bai nationality ect.From the loan words of the religious culture,we can see the blending between the traditional religious beliefs with "Lisu" Christian culture. From the evolution of Nusu people's name and the place names, we can see the multi-culture heritage in Nujiang district.(4)In Nusu language elements influence, peripheral nationality language have a profound impact to Nusu language elements. In the phonetic.Nusu language's Consonant [f] appearing is affected by local Chinese influence, its vowel [y] mainly appears in Chinese loanwords, due to Nusu language nasal consonant rhythm have been deleted, the Chinese loanwords with the nasal consonant rhythm entered the Nusu language,they lead to increasing the nasal monophthongs and the nasal compound vowel in Nusu language. In the vocabulary, Nusu language borrowed lots of words from the Lisu language, Chinese and the Bai language,the The borrowed words are coexist with the proper words or replacing the proper words. In the grammar, many Lisu language, Chinese and other foreign words entered Nusu language, it produced certain effect to the word-formation and the word order of Nusu language.(5)The Nusu language has open and closed characteristics under the multi-culture blending,the use type of Nusu language's has changed with its cultural evolution.Because of the recession phenomenon of Nu language culture appeared,the Nu people desire to have their own words.We consider that the development trend of the language and the culture in the ethnic communities is complementary each other and harmonious coexistence,we should pay attention to the protection of the minority language and culture,the coexist of the diverse linguistic is beneficial to the social harmony and stability in Nujiang land.