| In this paper, the author systematically studies the history of the struggle and decision making process of American university teachers,which being represented by the Academic Intellectuals, in the changes of their occupational situation in the postwar period till the1990s,and strives to fully present the position and style of the American Academic Intellectuals in a variety of historical events, and make an in-depth analysis of the historical evolution in the relationship among the society, universities and university teachers,tries to put the American Academic Intellectuals' extraordinary experience of striving and adhering into the development process of university and society to investigate.The study develops a dimension of intellectuals, making comprehensive use of literature studies, case analysis and other methods,also using the theory of intellectuals as a theory tool.According to different characteristics of each period, the study expands in three topic-periods:the political-dominanting era (1945-1970), the economic-crisis era (1971-1980) and the culture-war era (1981-the1990s).It comprises six general parts:The Preface embraces how the thesis coming into being, the significance and innovation of the study, a literature review, the thoughts showed and methods used, some important definitions and the deficiencies of the study.Chapter One makes a necessary combing in the evolution of the university form and the changes of intellectuals'rights and status going with from the Middle Ages, and also a sketch of the evolvement in relationship between universities and university teachers from the antiquity to modern society.The third section in this part leads in a discourse of the universities and Academic Intellectuals in America.Chapter Two examines the calm position and critical opinions of the Academic Intellectuals on "Cooperative Research"between the U.S. government and universities in the context of the end of World War â…¡ and the opening of the Cold War, shows a prevailing "Scientific Research Supremacy" state and a distinction between "Two Cultures" in which the Humanistic Intellectuals how to hold their ground, gives a profile of the Academic Intellectuals'struggle and response against the anti-Communist wave and Relativism Thoughts, also analyses the causes of the American Public Intellectuals'retreating to the campus and the impact upon the Academic Intellectuals.Chapter Three describes the prevailing of the "Student Consumerism" concept and the growing of differentiation and professional tendency in college curriculum in which the Academic Intellectuals reflecting on the value of universities in the economic-crisis situation in the1970s. And when occupational safety was in danger, Academic Intellectuals changed their position to take up the arms in form of "collective bargaining" to defend their own interests.Lastly,the noble purpose of the "Affirmative Action" in contrast to its inequal effects in practice inflamed criticism from the Academic Intellectuals.Chapter Four depicts the scene of the Culture War between the College Right "Neoconservatives" and the radical Left in the American-political-conservative age, using the method of case analysis, and emphasizes the professional base line Academic Intellectuals should keep in a flourishing era of the Mass Media which could provide a platform for intellectuals'public speech.The Epilogue summarizes the paper in four aspects:the spirit characters shared by universities and intellectuals, the professional era in which Academic Intellectuals being cast, the different missions assumed by the Sciences Intellectuals and the Humanities Intellectuals in universities and the leading responsibilities of the Academic Intellectuals.
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