Urban Nature

The essential question of the thesis is the nature of the city. Given the confusion and limitation on the definition of city, the essence of city is presented in the thesis. Three basic theories are discussed: Theories of man's nature, theories of need and theories of circumstance; The necessities for modern man to survive and development are explored, and six basic functions of city is revealed in the thesis. There is systematical and comprehnsive analysis of cities in England. America and Souviert in the thesis. Also, in the thesis, I have analyzed the present situations of cities in China and the reason for their lag. Four practical projects of ways of urbanization are presented and future development of cities are conceived.There are four chapters, in The first part containing five chapters, the emphasis is the definition of nature of the city and the basic theory on it, based on the Maxism and the Theory of need of Adam Smith and Emile Durkem. In my point of view, theories of man's nature is the basis of the nature of city, and theories of circumstance is the embodiment of it. The relation between the origin and development of cities between the needs of man is also discussed in this part.The second part ranges from chapter 6 to chapter 7. The emphasis of this part is the corresponding relation between structure of needs of modern people and the circumstance of cities. I think that the need of man is the basic drive of the origin and development of cities, and the needs of man indues: the needs of sensor, the needs of life, the needs of existence and the needs of development. Following that are six basic functions of cities including fanctions of childbearing, education, production, amusement, memory and administration.The third part, raiging from Chapter 8 to chapter 10, is the analysis of historic process of cities in England, America and Souviet are presented. The historic context, Principal factors, expericens and lessons are evaluated, on the basis of the general features of the process of urbanization is revealed.The fourth part ranges from chapter 11 to chapter 12. On the basis of analysis of the present situations of city in China, four practical projectives ofways of urbanization, are presented; the urbanization of the rural, the urbanization of the local, new cities and the modernization of cities. The review of heritage of research on future cities are in the end, and I also have provided one of the models of future cities:"scientific city", and illustrated the prospect of development of "sicentific city.