The Modern Transformation Of The Family Education Study

The history of modern Chinese education has been featured by two transformations of the traditional to the modern and the state of being closed to being opened gradually, in which arduous process the mode of family education has also followed suit and evolved into its modern form from the traditional. But the research in this aspect has been ignored for a long time, and the author of this paper, in order to supplement this blind area, has regarded the relative conditions in Shanghai as a research case to disclose the complete process of social transformation in modern China, because the historical development in Shanghai area will provide us with a panorama to understand the modern China. And accordingly, the main content of this paper will be centered on the historical development of family education in Shanghai.Directed by the Marxism, the writing of this paper is theoretically based on the dialectical and historical materialisms in combination with the documentary enumeration and comparative study to make a systematic survey of the historical evolution of the modern transformation of family education, which is consisted in the Introduction Part and five Chapters.In the Introduction, the author has concerned himself with such tasks as the explanation of the present situations and still-unsolved problems in the research of family education history, the advancement of theoretical meaning and practical value of the research proper, the orientation of main research object, the selection of major content and main methods of the research process and the analysis of the reasons for which the conditions in Shanghai has been chosen as the penetrating point in this research.In Chapter One (The Situations of Family Education in Shanghai before Its Closed Door Is Opened), the author begins from a brief introduction of the family education in ancient Shanghai and makes a simplified division of its historical periods. And then, basing on the study of its value orientation and fundamental content, the author manages to point out that the family education of ancient Shanghai is of its owns features under the influence of the culture proper to the southern China, however, its general development still cannot shake off the pattern set by the traditional mode. On the other hand, the author also points out that, with the appearance of commodity economy in Southern parts of China from the Ming-Qing Dynasty, the town economy in Shanghai area began to manifest itself and meanwhile the western science and technology also entered into the coastal area, all these had made the family education changed to suit the new atmosphere, which had laid a solid foundation for its modern transformation.In Chapter Two (The Analysis of Social Conditions Concerning the Changing of Family Education in Modern Shanghai), the author makes a detailed survey of the social and historical backgrounds of the modern transformation of the family education in Shanghai from three aspects: the formation of commercial society, the reform in political and educational spheres and the gradual influence of the western knowledge upon the modern China, which had been not only the main characteristics of the social development in modern Shanghai but also symbolized the fundamentaldirections of the social transformation in modern China. And the author holds that the analysis of inter-relationship and inter-reaction among those three aspects will help to make a sense of the promoting and constricting of the social transformation upon the intendancies of the family education and the historical process of that transformation.In Chapter Three (The Modern Revolution of the Ideas of Family Education), the author begins with the combing of the formation and development of the thought of effective bearing and up-bringing in modern time, and then holds that its development is closely related with the changing of marriage ideas, the entering of western medical science and hygienic knowledge into China and the importing of modern psychology, which had gone hand in hand to enha...