Mother Tongue Retention District The Tujia Social And Cultural

On the guide Of dialectical and historical materialism, according to field work-materials and historical documents, the dissertation analyses the fact of the Pojiao Tujia ethnic group's society, culture and their vicissitudes, from the angle of the theories of cultural anthropology and sociology. The dissertation puts the Pojiao Tujia community under the background of macroscopic history and modernization, and combines history with reality, macroscopic research with microcosmic research, qualitative research with quantitative research. The writer discusses ecological state, population, economy living, everyday living, consumption, social structure, etiquette, religions and spirit living, maintenance and heritage Of the Pojiao Tujia language. On the basis of above all, the dissertation discusses how to treat cultural vicissitudes of minor ethnic groups and how to advance development of ethnic group society.The dissertation consists ten chapters.Chapter One introduces the background, aim, meaning, method, foundation, new ideas and weakness of the dissertation.Chapter Two describes geographical location, ecological situation, historical evolution, distribution of villages and their traits.Chapter Three analyses the population change courses of the Pojiao community and the structure of sexual distinction, ages, culture, occupation and population.Chapter Four describes economic structure of the Pojiao Tujia ethnic group and the main states of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and sideline. It also analyses the cause outflow labor forces and its active influence on economy living in the Pojiao community. Through typical investigate to family economic state of some different living levels, thewriter find notices that the factors just soil resource, labor forces, the way of subordinate occupation, intelligence and culture play an important role on the family economy in Pojiao. The combinations of different factors form driving reasons that lead to differentiation between the rich and the poor in the Pojiao community.Chapter Five discusses everyday living and consumption of the Pojiao Tujia ethnic group, and introduces changes of eating, dressing, dwelling and using in detail. The chapter emphatically analyses the state of etiquette consumption, payment and their cultural meaningsChapter Six discusses the social structure that contains consanguinity, earthbound and administration in the Pojiao Tujia community from the angle of family. In the relative and remote structure that regards a family as core, the dissertation discusses father-clan relative relationship, mother-clan relative relationship, function of earthbound and administration, and then deeply understand constitution principle of the Tujia basic society.Chapter Seven analyses etiquette in one's life of the Pojiao Tujia ethnic group. Through narrative of several types from birth to death, the chapter analyses how to play social part and how to achieve social replacement during different periods of the Pojiao Tujia ethnic group. From the etiquette of birth, marriage, birthday and funeral, we can see that Tujia people get the society identity through regarding social members' status and role.Chapter Eight describes the current state, cosmos view and thinking traits of religions. The chapter also introduces the spirit living of the Pojiao Tujia ethnic group.Chapter Nine analyses the history and present state of the Tujia language's heritage, and thinks that Tujia language is a endangered language because the speaker-number is under several ten thousands.Pojiao is one of minor Tujia language areas where Tujia people inhabit crowdedly, but the heritage of the Pojiao Tujia language is faced with crisis and turns up a weakened tendency. Because Chinese gradually becomes a dominant language, future of the Tujia language is miserable. The dissertation also analyses social factors of Tujia tongue crisis, and discusses the Tujia language's fate.Chapter Ten consists of conclusion and discussion. The chapter expounds main situation and motive factors of cultural viciss...