Change And Adaptation

In the process of Chinese accelerating modernization, the radical changes of Ethnic cultures are inevitable. We can feel the social and cultural changes at any time, can also feel cultural imbalance in the process of social changes, and the efforts people has made for adapting to the changes. In the constantly changing cultural system, cultural imbalance and balance is a moving development process, and the final test to the culture is the ability that this kind of culture adapts to the new surroundings.Therefore, it is urgent to realize cultural conscious, to think deeply about cultural adaptation. Choosing a specific ethnic region whose cultural contents are relatively simple, cultural changes are most radical, and cultural imbalance is most typical as research object is having not only significant theoretical and practical meaning but also having the realistic feasibility to do research.The dissertation chose Ewenki Autonomous Region in Inner Mongolia as field place, which is representative in ethnic structure, production way, living style, traditional culture and ethnic relationship, and the social and cultural changes are very rapid. Meanwhile, the features of ethnic traditional cultures and the harmonious coexistence of multi-cultures are keeping well. Radical changing society and culturemakes ethnic cultures in this place adapting to in material, system and spiritual, etc. Modern and tradition blend, and multi-cultures complicate. From the case study, the dissertation expects to give a specific description to the social, cultural and economic changes in our ethnic places, and pays close attention to the contradiction ethnic minorities encountered universally. From the view of cultural adaptation, the dissertation explores the sustaining development of Chinese ethnic minorities. Based on former investigation, the dissertation analyses the theoretical structure and the common laws of social changes and cultural adaptation, looking for some experiences for adapting to the accelerating changing society.The dissertation combined with anthropology, sociology and histories, has given a description in the following aspects.The first chapter is the introduction. It makes an account of the theme, study conditions and methods, and the relevant study achievements as well. It analyses the theories of social changes and cultural adaptation, and the relevant research achievements about Inner Mongolian rural places. Meanwhile, organizing research documents about Ewenki people and giving a description of Ewenki Autonomous Region.The second chapter discusses the origin, distribution, and three time's ethnic migration, especially the historic meaning of ethnic migration. From the migration in the late of Ming Dynasty and thebeginning of Qing Dynasty, Ewenki people experienced fierce social and cultural changes. With the rapid changes of social politics, economic conditions and social structure, Ewenki people showed strong adaptable abilities.The third chapter talks about that the quantities and qualities of Ewenki population decreased dramatically in the history, near ethnic extinction. And why they increased after liberation. Taking tuberculosis which is most harmful to Ewenki as an example, it analyses the change of medical mode, and discusses cultural imbalance behind alcohol drinking. This part tries to explores cultural adaptation of Ewenki people from the view of population and social changes.The fourth chapter takes social systematic changes as guideline, discussing the process of production way change and adaptation of Ewenki people. It introduces how Ewenki people live and how they communicate with other people. The change of nomadic system is the changing process of economic system and production way. The change of hired labourers, which, Basically, contains the new forms of nomadic development, is closely related to nomadic system change.The fifth chapter deals with the relationship between agriculture and husbandry, environment change, mode of assisting poverty, and the process of commerce and industry, which are...