Fairness Research Of The College Entrance Examination Policy In China

The equity of college entrance examination is an important content and standard of social justice, which is an extension of the field of education. It is also an important means to achieve social equity. The inequity of entrance examination is the greatest social injustice, which threaten to a fair and the most basic social bottom line. The inequity contains not only the unfair caused by historical development and the gap of educational resources, but also the unfair caused by the design of policy which is most decisive factor to the equity of entrance examination. The author tries to use the fair theory to answer the above questions on the basis of fully learning from their predecessors' research results, the election of gifted people in the history and the fair practice abroad.The policy of college entrance examination is the code of conduct for the Government, universities and social organizations like recruitment agencies to adjust and distribute the access to higher education authoritatively. Government is the main body of formulation and implementation of entrance examination, whose role is crucial for the entrance examination policy. Guided by the basic theory, viewpoints and methods of Marxism, in the angle of policy analysis, the paper applies a combination of research methods of criterion analysis, history analysis and comparison analysis. In close connection with China's reality, around "Under policy perspective, what is entrance examination equity, its principle and standard, its status, problems and cause, and how to achieve the equity ", this paper starts on these four issues and tries to achieve operational response in the near future and long-term institutional building of the organic integration. This article can be divided into three parts: introduction, the body and conclusions.The introduction first points out the aim and significance of the research. Then it outlines the current situation, ways of research and writing methods about the policy and research of entrance examination equity at home and abroad. Finally, it presents the framework of full text.The first chapter explores the connotation and property of the entrance examination equity. This is the basic theory part of this article, mainly on two issues: First, the connotation and property of equity, which makes the basic theory bedding for research of equity; Second, the connotation and property of college entrance examination equity, mainly in the search for understanding the concept of entrance examination from discussion on the college entrance examination, which emphasizes on the right to equality, fair opportunities and the sharing of resources, pointing out that the nature of a fair test is to eliminate social injustice, to narrow the gap between classes, to protect the public's right of being educated.The second chapter explains the basic theory of equity issue. On the basis of a comprehensive theory of each reasonable view, it summarizes domestic and foreign mainstream schools of thought about fairness, making an effort to put forward related theory propositions from the principle of fairness, standards and rules of college entrance examination. This part summarizes the liberalism and communalism's view on fairness, bring forward a composite view of entrance examination equity, which is based on justice and fair, and analyzes the principle, nature and basis of examination policy. The individual fairness principles contain capable principle, equality principle, compensation principle, broad principle and justice principle. And the zone fairness principles contain equality principle, contribution principle, effectiveness principle and balance principle. The fair rules system of college entrance examination is established on this basis, which provides a theoretical guidance for evaluation of the policy and also the operational guidelines or standards. This chapter systematically analyzes the basic content and value property of entrance examination equity, explaining that equity is the value idea of the basic starting point for examination policy.The third chapter uses a fair system of rules and class reproduction theory as the theoretical tool to make a history and comparison analyze of provincial college entrance examination fixed admission policy, provincial college entrance exam proposition, college entrance examination own admission policy, early decision policies, test subjects' setting policy, proposition college entrance examination and comparison of the history of policy research. On the basis of reference to the national education statistics, the author also carries out large-scale field survey to show a great deal of the first and second-hand information, then make demonstration analysis and evaluation about the status of equal access to higher education from regional, urban and rural areas, gender, ethnicity, class and other dimensions according to fair rules theory and finally make recommendations how to improve the college entrance examination policy. At the same time, the study demonstrates that the gradual transformation of society in different walks of life access to opportunities for higher education enrollment has obvious characteristics of the reproduction set of assumptions.The fourth chapter talks about the status, problems and cause of China's college entrance examination during the transition. Many of the college entrance examination unfair problems can be reduced to policy reasons. It is a fairly new perspective to view examination from the history policy-making process. At the same time, there is a general assessment of the status of China's college entrance examination to return to the reality. This paper first does a general description of the status quo of China's college entrance examination equity during the transition. On this basis, it focuses on the main performance of the college entrance examination unfair, points out the current shortcomings and problem about college entrance examination policy, and analyzes the real injustice and the negative effect. In addition, the deep-seated reasons of the constraints of China's college entrance examination are analyzed.The fifth chapter explains the reform of college entrance examination policies and realization of equity. It is from a policy level analysis that China's college entrance examination reform should focus on the path achieve the goal of equity. Mainly to study how the distribution of education opportunities for higher education, that is, the college entrance examination study of policy-making and standard mode. The reform is to be achieved through the change of ideas, the rules of law, innovative mechanisms and policies, in the near future to achieve the building of the organic integration of operational response and long-term institutional, in order to narrow the gap between higher education, which will promote the examination equity to provide a scientific basis for decision-making for the transition of China's college entrance examination and implementation of the fair operation of the system and practice to provide protection.The conclusion part is the findings and policy recommendations. This paper briefly not only recalls the basic conclusions and policy responses about college entrance examination equity and the policy research, but also summarizes the enlightenment of studies. And it makes policy recommendations for policy decision-making departments, universities and recruitment organizations.To sum up, the strong request of college entrance examination equity during the establishment of a well-off society in China reflects exactly the socialist demands of fairness and justice, the demands of building a socialist harmonious society's demands and the trend in education reform in the world. In China, the failure and invalidation of college entrance examination policy may increase the extent of damage to the fairness. So there is an urgent need for appropriate policy adjustments. How to make the test unfair problem under control and mitigate as much as possible in order not to harm the "social order", has become the ultimate mission of the college entrance policy.