The Study Of The Social Construction Thought By The Members Of The Chinese Sociology Community (1928-1937)

Intellectuals launched a deep research and intense discussion around the issue of China's development road in the 1920s and 1930s.They also carried out a series of practical activities about society construct, such as the rural construction movement, the mass education campaign, the social investigation movement, the democratic constitutional government movement and so on. The members of Chinese Sociology Community as a part of intellectuals participated in these researches and practical activities.Professors of sociology in Shanghai and Nanjing set up a sociological specialized organization named South East Sociology Institute in order to connect all the sociology scholars in the southeast in September 1928. This organization was the forerunner of the Chinese Sociology Community. The South East Sociology Institute expanded into the Chinese Sociology Community in February 8, 1930. The Chinese Sociology Community's purpose was to study the theory of sociology and social issues. The members included sociology scholars, social workers, sociology researchers and students in Shanghai, Nanjing, Beijing, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other places. The main members were Sun Benwen, Tao Menghe, Xu Shilian, Wu Jingchao, Wu Zelin, Yang Kaidao, Pan Guangdan, Chen Xujing, etc.Compared to the other kinds of intellectuals, the members of the Chinese Sociology Community have the following characteristics. First, the members are sociology scholars. Their theory is based on the western sociology. Second, the members concern about China's basic society, they advocate improvement from bottom to top. They realized that the basic society's organization construction and grass-roots'education is the core of social improvement. Finally, the members research widely. They participated in each aspect of Chinese society issues discussion nearly in the 1920s and 1930s, such as the rural construction movement, saving the nation through education movement, social security systems construction, democracy construction, cultural issues. The members of the Chinese Sociology Community participate in the society constructs process is also the reformism intellectuals participate in the society constructs process. They displayed these intellectual's majority of general characters and the social scholar's unique individuality.This article is a study of the social construction thought by the members of the Chinese sociology community. It investigates the source of their thought, analyzes their proposals'connotation and feasibility, and then appraises the value and the influence.The article has five chapters.The first chapter is the rural construction thought of the members of the Chinese Sociology Community. The rural issue is one of the most concerned social issues of them. They carried out various forms of research and discussion. Li Jinghan and Qiao Qiming investigated rural living conditions and the relationship between landlord and tenant. Yang Kaidao looked for the basis of rural organization from Chinese traditional village agreement. Wu Jingchao set forth that it is the only method to help agriculture by developing industry. When they talked about the issue of the rural construction, there were two difference ideas. One is"taking agriculture as country's base", the other is"taking industry as country's base". The discussion allowed intellectuals to deepen their understanding of Chinese rural society.The second chapter is the education thought of the members of the Chinese Sociology Community. The object of their researches and practices is to let the education draw close to social reality, and allow the ordinary populace to accept the education. The members had different angles in education researches. Tao Menghe emphasized on education and social essential factors. Yu Qingtang paid great attention to mass education practice. Chen Xujing focused the attention on the modernization of education research. They all realized that the relationship between education and society is importance, and hope they can find modern education development direction from social change and social environment.The third chapter is the labor social security thought of the members of the Chinese Sociology Community. Labor social security is an important aspect and central content in members'labor issue research in the 1920s and 1930s. With formerly studied differently, they start to seek establish modern social security system. The plan and proposal which included labor organization, labor welfare, labor insurance, labor legislation, put forward by Chen Da et al., provided ideas for Chinese modern labor social security system.The forth chapter is the political opinion of the members of the Chinese Sociology Community. The members yearned for democracy, and considered that democracy should be included by political democracy, economic democracy, and social democracy. They were dissatisfied with dictatorship of the National Government, and also didn't accept Marxism. They thought that the development's process of democracy is tortuous and long. China had not become the democratic country in the 1920s and 1930s. Raising the democracy's basis is intellectuals'duty. At the beginning of establishment, the Chinese Sociology Community has clearly expressed that the Community only research, but does not care about politics. However, there is relation between the members'researches and their political view all the time.The last chapter is related comments on the social construction thought of the members of the Chinese Sociology Community. The members'thought originates in the new social thought in May the Forth movement period, and the modern sociology theory. As a part of reformism intellectuals, the members'thought has great difference with Marxism intellectuals, Culture Conservatism and Liberalism intellectuals. These differences were not only the members'important thought, but also the other intellectuals'essential thought.Generally speaking, the social construction thought of the members is the most representative and influential achievement to Chinese social issues at that time. The improvement suggestions that the members'deeply think about the social phenomenon and the social essence reflect some important issues of Chinese grass-roots society. The Chinese Sociology Community has influence to a certain extent in the academic field, society, and government. Today, we can find some issues that the members care about still exist now. The times already proved reformism dream is not suitable for China's development, but their improved methods still can be used in today's Chinese social construction.