The Research On Chinese Rural Fundamental Education Policy

In recent years, the new technological revolution, even the development of information technology has caused the global economic to be fundamental changed. The industrialization economic are growing to be a higher form base on the Knowledge。Human is entering the era of knowledge economy which takes the Knowledge Innovation as a booster. Human capital theory suggests that investment in education is an important way to enhance the content of Human capital and the ability to apply knowledge. However, In our country, education investment and management mainly through making the education policy. Along with reform and open policy thorough advancement,"three-dimensional rural issues"become a prominent problem which has restricted China's modernization and development at this stage. The question of Basic education in rural areas is deeply contained in the"three-dimensional rural issues", it is the one of the important performance of"three-dimensional rural issues"and also the main reason. At present, the researching on Chinese rural fundamental education from the perspective of human capital investment undoubtedly Has the important theory and the practical significance.ChapterⅠ. General Theory Analysis of Human Capital InvestmentThe human capital theory is the human capital investment rationale, there are massive about the human capital investment thought and the viewpoint contained in the process of human capital theory's formation and the developing. And mainly emphasized the human capital investment in the promotion economic growth and the personal income assignment tremendous role, then regards the educational outlay as one kind of human capital investment. The human capital investment is mainly refers to the investment which come to person to increases the human capital, and then enhance the economic value of people and help to improve their future income-generating activities. The investment in education also calls the regular education investment, known as the most important form of investment in human capital investment. Because the investment in human capital has strong positive externalities, that it required policy adjustments from government. Similarly, just depending on market's spontaneous adjustment can not guarantee the sufficient supply of resource. Therefore the government must undertake the essential investment responsibility in the educational investment. The rural fundamental education is the important part of the educational system, Its pure public goods' attribute is stronger, and then the government should undertake the main investment responsibility, and safeguarded the countryside elementary education having resources supply and healthy development through the policy.ChapterⅡ. Human capital investment and basic education in rural ChinaFirst of all, this chapter makes the essential definition to the countryside elementary education and the countryside elementary education policy. According to"policy"and"educational policy"analysis, we may understand that the article countryside elementary education policy is refers to that the party and the state and other benefit association achieved the goal through the political act or the provisions of Code of Conduct at a specific period of time. It is the sum total of a series and the countryside elementary education related each law, the standard, the plan, the summary, the measure, the means and the rule and so on policy text. Because the countryside elementary education itself relates complexity, therefore this article refers to the countryside elementary education policy is not limits to the countryside elementary education domain policy, but also the close related policy of countryside elementary education. The educational investment is one important form of the human capital investment, the countryside elementary education investment also an important way to promote the countryside human capital, and the government often is realizes to make the countryside elementary education's investment through the countryside elementary education policy. In the human capital theory about the human capital investment's viewpoint and the thought that has the important instruction value regarding to our country countryside elementary education policy. The educational investment resides in the leading position in the human capital investment, can give individual and the country brings the huge income, moreover under the era of knowledge economy request, the country must put in the educational investment the entire state investment strategy the first position. In educational resources' assignment, we should make the elementary education investment more important. Because compares with other educational investment form, the elementary education investment's returns ratio is highest, moreover also plays the huge role in the human capital investment. More importantly, first strengthens the elementary education investment also to conform to the current our country market regarding the human resources quality demand. The question of the city and countryside education development and countryside elementary education investment has the prominent vital function to our country's economic development and the social progress at present stage. The countryside elementary education investment is not only the efficient path of the developing country economic growth but also is the advantageous to farmer additionally receiving; the countryside elementary education investment should put in the national development the prominent position. Therefore, in our country's countryside elementary education policy should manifest the educational investment, the elementary education investment and the countryside elementary education investment priority fully.ChapterⅢ.The Policy Evolution Course of our Country Rural Fundamental EducationThis chapter mainly has been reviews our country countryside elementary education policy development process from the historical longitudinal angle since the founding of the nation , and mainly take the reform and open policy as the boundary, divides the elementary education policy development into two great times, inspects investment succession variation process of our country Government with emphasis regarding the countryside elementary education .Simultaneously summarizes the influence function of our country countryside elementary education policy regarding the countryside elementary education investment , as well as displays gradual characteristic. Through reviews our country countryside elementary education policy's history ,we discover that from the founding of the nation, the government deepens unceasingly the countryside elementary education investment's value degree, the investment management system tends to be reasonable unceasingly, the investment efforts enlarges unceasingly, and has made the important progress. Especially after the reform and open policy, countryside elementary education policy has highlighted in the policy idea transit from the education equality to the equal education, from safeguard elementary education beginning equality to result equal transformation. In such transformation, the government not only pays attention to safeguard the farmer children to enjoy the equality the right of education in the law, moreover in strengthens the countryside elementary education investment emphatically, provides the high grade elementary education to the farmer children. Simultaneously after reform and open policy, countryside elementary education policy also displays the countryside elementary education subject of investment transit from"by the people primarily"to"by male primarily"the government has undertaken the countryside elementary education investment primary responsibility gradually. The internal investment responsibility assignment of Government also presented a tendency that the basic unit government transformed to the high-level government. This is to say that the country consider all levels of the government's actual fiscal capacity foundation, focus in safeguards the countryside elementary education investment, and then make appropriate readjustment.ChapterⅣ.The subject Matter of Our Country Rural Fundamental Education Policy and the Analysis of Restriction Factors at Present StageFrom the founding of the nation the result that our country's countryside elementary education policy obtains is huge, but at the present stage we cannot neglect kinds of question's existence. Carefully examines the countryside elementary education policy based on the human capital investment's angle, there also has many question such as that the level in the human capital investment and the educational investment is low, elementary education resources supplies insufficiency, then there is a huge disparity between city and countryside educational resources. There is a question from this produces is worth us pondering that is after taking seriously in the party and the government to the countryside elementary education, moreover also has in the corresponding financial resource support's situation, then why countryside elementary education policy is still facing many questions in the reality ? It is could not provide a satisfactory answer to the concrete policy plan's through Pure analysis , therefore the author attempts to seek the reason from the policy process .Through the analysis of the government countryside elementary education investment the policy factor , we discovered: first, because at present our country countryside foundation elementary education policy's legalization level is low, and the binding of government official is weaken, then causing the policy policy-maker makes the decision-making not favor the countryside elementary education investment under the personal interest maximization principle actuation. Second, because at current our country countryside foundation elementary education policy's farmer participates in the insufficiency, causing in the resource distribution competition, contends with difficulty with the strong trend group, then making the resource distribution be unfair.ChapterⅤ. The Government Promotes the Human Capital Investment Rural Fundamental Education Policy Improvement.In view of the primary factor about the countryside elementary education investment, it is correspondingly proposed the countermeasure suggestion, about improves our country countryside elementary education policy by the government. Firstly, enhance the legalization level of our country countryside elementary education policy , through consummating the legislation, strengthening the enforcement of the law and strengthening the surveillance's way, maintaining the advantageous to the countryside elementary education investment law authority and compulsory, avoiding optional controlling of the official person to the countryside elementary education policy. Secondly, make the farmer who strengthens in the countryside elementary education policy participates degree, through the main body consciousness's raise, the organization level's promotion and material base's safeguard, sharpens farmer's policy participation ability, enable the farmer to participate in the process of the policy and expresses their own wish reasonably. Simultaneously strengthens official's consciousness of democratic policy-making, take correct understanding about farmer's benefit expression and the policy participation in the countryside elementary education policy , and abandons some mistake idea , promotion policy scientific style and democratization. And consummates the farmer policy participation the related system, enable farmer's policy participation to be able to have the stable channel and legal regime's safeguard. Thus fundamentally enhances the degree of farmer participates at the countryside elementary education policy, restricts and the resistance strong trend group to the farmer benefit violation, safeguards the countryside elementary education the sufficient resources supply.