State With The Philosophy Of The University Relations

The relationship between government and university is the bottleneck hindering our higher education reform. A lot of reform measures could not be implemented just because our government controlled the universities so tightly. Should university be governed by the state? Is there any restriction of the governing? The academic circle is always being perplexed by these problems. This thesis analyzes the state-university relation from the angle of knowledge production, examines the evolution history of the western state-university relation, explores the historical roots of the difficult problems emerged in the higher education reform in China, expecting to provide valuable viewpoints for rightly handling the state-university relationship.The thesis includes three chapters: In chapter 1, taking knowledge production process as the logical beginning, we deduce the theory pattern of the state-university relation. This deduces is carried on according to three aspects progressively followed one by one: (1) Individual and social contradiction is included in the knowledge production process, the former creates the legitimate source of academic freedom; the latter lays the legitimate foundation for the state controlling knowledge production. (2)University is a kind of organization spontaneously organizing around knowledge production.The individual and social contradiction inherent in knowledge production process determines that university is a contradictory body, which has been vividly demonstrated by the history that struggle between academic freedom and state control running through university development. The history, on the other hand, has indicated that only when university maintained balance of the contradictory, could it obtain unceasingly development. (3)University autonomous system is such a "balancer" as to help university maintain balance. University autonomy system continually readjusted itself along with the changing of social context, thus formed three kinds of historical shapes, which exactly reflected the fact that with the aid of university autonomy system, university has became an evergreen enterprise. In chapter 2, we trace the historical development orbit of western state-university relation, according to the principle of unified history and logic,that is, from the view of history, this part mainly probes the evolvement courses of western state-university relation in Middle Ages, Modern Times and the contemporary time; from the logic view, three aspects such as the political environment outside university, the method used by the state to control university, the character of university organization are analyzed. Through the cross way, a piece of historical picture of western state-university relation is delineated. In chapter3, we mainly discuss the historical development of our state-university relation. In Chinese history, negative correlation usually appeared between the state control and knowledge production, as the result that excessively strong political power fixed the orbit of knowledge evolution, leaving nearly no liberal space indispensable for knowledge creation, which was also the main reason why modern university did not emerged naturally in ancient China. China tried to transplant university system from the western world since the end of Ting Dynasty, yet the spirit of academic freedom contained in the system did not remain because it conflicted with Chinese traditional culture, which not only led to the uneasy destiny of Chinese university afterwards, but also gave rise to many difficult problems we had to confront in today's reform. Obviously, if we want to resolve these difficult problems, concentrating efforts need to be made to mold inherent spirit while construct university system embodying such spirit as well.The state-university relation is the key to our higher education reform at present, yet our theoretic research of this problem is neither enough nor systematic. The thesis provides systematic explaining of the state-university relation in terms of the nature of knowledge production. That is also why the thesis named"philosophy analysis of the state-university relation". Moreover, the thesis builds theory pattern of state-university relation by way of"ideal form"method, deeply analyzes the state-university relation history of western world and China through the method of historical institutionalism, which are the unique characteristics of this thesis.