The Research On The Impact Of Leisure Agricultural Tourism On The Residents In Rural Community

As the Leisure Agricultural Tourism (LAT) activities become more and more popular, the exploitation and development of LAT itself is consequently attracting the attention of many academic researchers as well as the professionals in tourism. However, the impact of LAT on residents in the rural communities, which calls for a deep study, has been ignored to some extent. Therefore, it is a worthwhile subject for researchers to study either from the perspective of the sustainable development of tourism or from that of the socialistic construction of the new countryside. Moreover, previous researches on tourism focused more on its macro-impact on communities than its micro-impact on residents in those communities. In the mean time, researches on the impact of LAT lack detailed demonstrative investigations to dig into the concrete contents of the impact of tourism and the correlation between them.This dissertation conducted a demonstrative analysis on LAT in Huangxing Town and it mainly dwells on the impact of LAT on the residents there. It uses the statistical methods such as Factor Analysis, Correlation Analysis, Comparison Analysis, Regression Analysis, ANOVA Analysis, etc. and the quantitative measurement of the residents'perception of the LAT impact on them as its technical means. Through careful researches, this dissertation sums up the detailed contents of the three major impacts of LAT on the residents. It also compares the different perceptions toward the impact of tourism between the individual sample and the whole sample, as well as samples in different developmental levels. Meanwhile, it holds a discussion of the relationship among the residents'perception of the tourism impact, the residents'attitude toward it and the satisfaction degree of tourism development. This dissertation draws the following conclusions after it discusses the relationship among finally got the following conclusion:(1)By means of Factor Analysis on the collected data, we find that:the economic impacts of LAT on residents in the rural communities are mainly these such as the impact of income level and income spending, the impact of income source and employment situation, the impact of employment concept and labor characteristic and that of living costs and management consciousness, ect. The social and cultural impacts of LAT are mainly these such as the impact of life quality, community attachment and social communication, the impact of cultural quality and social communication, the impact of social conduct and public security level, and that of the profit relations in a community, etc. And the ecological impacts of LAT are mainly these such as the impact of community's eco-environment and that of environmental protection and environmental awareness, etc. After comparing the samples in whole with the individual samples by means of Factor Analysis, we find that the factor analysis of the overall samples and that of the individual ones are consistent to some extent.(2)The exploitation and development of LAT promotes the socialistic construction of the new countryside. The analysis of the residents'perception of LAT demonstrates that the development of LAT provides the residents an opportunity to improve their housing conditions and beautify the surroundings as well. It also enhances their educational consciousness and solidarity spirit, raises their civilization level and increases their sense of environmental protection. All of these lay a solid foundation for the cause of the new countryside construction.(3)Residents present a perceptional difference in the specific aspects of the impact of LAT. They are more aware of the impact of income than that of employment in the aspect of the economic impact of LAT. Although there is no obvious perceptional difference between the impact of community culture and social relationship in the aspect of social and cultural impact of LAT, there is one in the aspect of eco-tourism between the impact of environmental protection and consciousness and that of community environment, with the stronger perception of the former and a weaker one of the latter.(4)Certain social population characteristics will exert different influences on the specific perceptions of tourism impact. Among all the social population characteristics, the factor of Age has no evident influence on residents'perception of the economic impact of tourism as well as on that of the social and cultural impact, while the factors of Gender, Education, Family Revenue have evident influence on these two kinds of perceptions. For the perception of the impact of ecological tourism, the factors of Gender and Age do not have obvious influence on it, while the factors of Education and Family Revenue do.(5)Single-Factor Analysis of Covariance proves that the development levels of tourism show the evident relativity with the residents'perception of economic impact of tourism, the social-cultural impact and the ecological impact. The Factor Analysis of the perceptions of community residents from different development levels shows there exists a perceptional difference in residents in the smaller subordinate groups of one LAT community. The higher the development level of the group is, the more sensitive the residents there are to the impacts of tourism economy, social culture and social ecology.(6)By sampling and monitoring the actual influenced degree of the three ecological factors—atmosphere, water and noise environment, and by comparing the evaluation results with the residents'perception of them, this dissertation find out that:①The tourism development in Huangxing Town causes a slight pollution on the atmosphere, a moderate pollution on the water and a serious pollution on the noise environment;②sually, the residents cannot evaluate the intensity of the eco-environmental factors being affected. Residents'perceptional intensity of the atmosphere being affected is higher than that of the actual one, while that of the water and noise environment being affected is much lower than the actual one.(7)This dissertation investigates the community residents' attitude and satisfaction toward tourism development and makes a statistical analysis of their relationship, which contributes to the following conclusions:①From the descriptive statistic of the samples in whole, it is clear that residents in Huangxing Town support the development of tourism and are satisfied with the overall tourism development. From that of the individual samples, for residents in a community which is in an early stage of tourism development, it is obvious that the higher the developmental level of the community tourism is, the more supportive the residents are for the support this development, the more satisfied the residents are.②Pearson Correlation Analysis shows that the impacts of the positive perception of tourism economy, tourism culture and ecological tourism have an evidently positive correlation with the supportive attitude and satisfaction toward tourism development. In the mean time, this analysis shows the perception of the negative impact of tourism economy has an evidently positive correlation with the supportive attitude toward tourism development(correlation coeffience:0.338, P≤0.000), while it has an evidently slighter positive correlation with the satisfaction on tourism development(correlation coeffience:0.181, P≤0.000). According to the analysis, there is no evident statistic significance between the satisfaction degree of tourism development and the perception of the negative social, cultural and ecological impacts of tourism.③By the Regression Analysis of the independent variances affecting tourism and the dependent variances affecting residents'attitude and satisfaction toward tourism development, this dissertation deduces two regression models as follows, representing the relations between the two independent variances—perception of positive impact of tourism economy(X1) and perception of positive impact of tourism ecology (X4), and the two dependent variances—community residents' supportive attitude (Y(attiude))and community residents'satisfaction degree (Y(satisfaction degree)): Y(attitude)=1.012+1.894 X1+0.399 X4, Y(satisfaction degree)=1.985+1.905 X1+0.989 X4.