The Application Research Of New Energy CDM International Cooperation Projects On The View Of Low-Carbon Economy

The "low- carbon economy" is a common topic in world economy development, it is based on the following characteristics :"low energy consumption, low pollution, low emission",its essence is to build a reasonable energy structure through reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions, and so as to achieve a " win-win " economy development pattern about the social economic development and ecological environment protection. Low-carbon economy is not only the theoretical basis of energy low-carbonization, but also the reflection of sustainable development, and it is also the main motive of new energy the development.In response to the global climate change,"Kyoto Protocol " established three international cooperation mechanisms: the joint implement mechanism (JI), the clean development mechanism (CDM) and the emissions trading mechanism (ET), CDM is the only "flexible mechanisms" used in developing country, It is the important economic methods to achieve the low carbon economy and energy sustainable development. CDM is a win-win mechanism between the developing countries and the developed countries. Through the CDM project cooperation, the developed countries can fulfill its promise of carbon emissions reductions execution in the KP, by the way of providing "capital and technology" to the developing countries. Through the CDM, we can reduce the overall economic costs of reducing global greenhouse gas emissions also, then, it can promote the realization of global low carbon economy.Chinese CDM market has a tremendous potential. From the view of CDM quantity and contribution to carbon emissions, the new energy CDM projects play a dominant role in China. At present, our "high carbon" energy structure hinder our low carbon economy realization, and the CDM implementation is helpful to absorb the additional funds and to promote technology transfer, then promoting our new energy industry development. So we should make full use of CDM and other related means, rapid new energy development, adjust the energy structure, which can guarantee the sustainable development of energy In term of the home and abroad scholars'current research about new energy CDM, we can find that great majority research lack comprehensiveness, and the quantitative study is also shallow too; In addition, the following mechanism and empirical research is less too, which include carbon emissions methodology and its applying, new energy CDM projects technology transfer mechanism and risk evaluation models etc.. Therefore, according to the investigation and sorting of relative materials, based on low carbon economy perspective, according to low carbon economy theory, industrial development theory, sustainable development theory, market externality theory, the theory of comparative advantage etc., the paper start the analysis about CDM operation mechanism and development and affect on new energy.First, based on the carbon trading concept and background, analyzed the respective development status and their theoretical characteristics of three carbon trading mechanism CDM, JI and ET; Analyses the necessity of our participation in the carbon trading: only by the means of constructing the global carbon market,China can have the initiative in hands in entire carbon trading industry chain ,thus avoiding the CDM risk;Analyzed CDM's connotation and its win-win characteristic: on one hand it can promote the sustainable development in developing countries, get "technology and capital", on the other hand it can help the developed countries achieve greenhouse gas emissions commitments; At last, analyzed the CDM scope, the relevant agency responsibilities and project development processes. The theoretical support will be provided for subsequent CDM project researchSecondly, this paper started the impact analysis of CDM on Chinese energy sustainable development and low carbon economy. First studied the obstacle restricting our energy development such as unreasonable "high carbon" energy structure, low energy efficiency and serious energy environment and security problem; Analyzed new energy contribution to energy structure improving, the carbon abatement, find out the obstacles to the new energy development; CDM is helpful for new energy technology transfer and financing; it has strong positive correlation to new energy development too ,and it is the important economic means for the development of new energy and our low carbon economy. At last the paper puts forward new energy development Suggestions.Furthermore, the paper analyzed the status of new energy CDM projects and their development potential. Through the home and abroad comparison and analysis about CDM project status, we can get that China CDM project play great role in the world whatever quantity or carbon emissions contribution. Then, with hydropower, wind power and biomass power generation as new energy representation, the paper analyzed the situation of new energy CDM projects market and their development potential, contribution to carbon reduction; at last, the paper utilized SWOT, studied their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats of CDM project, found the main existing questions, and pointed out corresponding countermeasures about new energy developing. Finally, based on the above analysis, this paper analyzed the following three key questions about new energy in international CDM project development cooperation:1) The research on the nature of verification method principle for the carbon emission reduction and its application in international cooperation renewable energy CDM projects. The approach for CDM methodology research and additionality determination is taken with regards to applicability of methodology, analysis of baseline scenario, and assessment of additionality, especially concerning about those methodologies applied popularly for renewable projects. In such case a Shanxi hydropower project is considered as a reference example for methodology determination and validation procedures exposure, in which the carbon emission reduction has been accurately calculated as per an available combined methodology in valid version and the relevant tools.2) The mechanism and empirical research of international technology transfer in CDM renewable energy field Firstly, the nature of technology transfer, the mechanism of international technology transfer, and technology transfer for CDM projects are analyzed; Secondly, the technology transfer in CDM is illuminated in different aspects including genres, modeling, and procedures; Finally, the game-negotiation modeling and bargaining modeling are both discussed particularly as in the process to accelerate the international technology transfer in CDM renewable energy project. The valid usage of the former modeling in negotiation and the availability of the latter modeling in international technology transfer are demonstrated by two CDM projects analysis regarding with a Jilin biomass power generation project and an Inner Mongolia wind farm project.3)the research on constructing risk forecast and evaluation modeling in renewable CDM projects and empirical research analysisAccording to the possible problems coming from different stages in CDM projects developing flows, the different risks during the whole process are summarized as seven types, such as registration risk, project construction risk, operation risk, and so on. The renewable energy CDM project risk forecast and evaluation modeling is established based on these risks analysis by Monte Carlo model and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method. A successfully registered small scale hydropower plant is exemplified for the risk evaluation and the possible tragedies to avoid risks are also supplied for renewable CDM projects. The modeling above and empirical research afford the scientific applicability criteria for avoiding risks in this field.As above all,the conclusion can be got as following: 1) our country has the great necessity to promote new energy development ,and CDM has played an active role in new energy development too. 2) CDM projects of new energy has great efficiency for energy conservation and emission reduction, but it had also trouble in development problems. 3)the priciple of the carbon emission reduction was analyzed ,based on the baseline methodology of new energy and and empirical demonstration research was done too. 4) new energy CDM project can promote technology transfer, especially promote advanced environmentally friendly technology transfer. 5) the risk of new energy CDM projects exists in their implementation process, but it can be tracked on and be evaluated. The above research has solved the main problems existing in new energy CDM project development process, it can be also applied to the entire CDM system ,which will ensure the new energy research of CDM project development more systematic, more maneuverability, feasibility and practicality. The innovation points of the paper is as following:(1) keep the concept of sustainable development as instruction, on the view of the low carbon economy perspective, deeply and comprehensively research the new energy development, and the international CDM project operation mechanism etc. ,constructs the research framework and routes.(2) for new energy development in the CDM promoting effect as the breakthrough point, probes into the development of new energy to CDM project, the influence mechanism and promotes the risk evaluation method.(3) based on the international prevailing rules and unified baseline methodology of new energy ACM0002 , research the mathematical model of the CDM project emission contribution, and applied successfully to a hydropower project in shanxi reductions measuring.(4) build the game model and bargaining model for new energy CDM international technology transfer projects, and put them applying and had the empirical analysis in CDM project of Jilin biomass power generation and Inner Mongolia wind power CDM project(5) The renewable energy CDM project risk forecast and evaluation modeling is established by Monte Carlo model and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method. A successfully registered small scale hydropower plant is exemplified for the risk evaluation, it also offers the scientific basis for avoiding the risk of CDM project development.