Research On The Decision Making Method Of Business Logistics Resources Allocation

Logistics industry is a basic industry which supports other national industries such as manufacturing and circulation/consumption domain. The whole social logistics system which supports the whole social trade flow plays an indispensible role in adjusting industrial structure, integrating industrial chain, changing economic patterns and enhancing the competitiveness of our national economy. Business logistics is the cell of the whole social logistics. Social logistics is based on business logistics. Business logistics is the specific organization pattern and realization carrier of all logistics activities in the commercial economy society.As far as the development of business logistics concerned, our researches need to go deeper not only in the macro-level of logistics operation strategy, but also in the micro-level of logistics management technology. Literature review shows, the business logistics cost of China is one time higher than that of the western developed countries, such as the United States, Japan etc. Although the explanations may be different, but enhancing the logistics operation of Chinese enterprises has become a common sense and a hot research issue. However, thanks to the enterprises of China, especially the state-owned group enterprises who have their own particularities in economic background, organization pattern, resource state and development process, it becomes much more difficult to bring the researches of western countries into the application directly in China. Hence, the researches on the decision making method of logistics resources allocation are not only pressing to our economy but also necessary in theory.This paper is focused on the decision making method of logistics resources allocation in the view of enterprise resource management by using the theories and technologies of modern systems engineering. Our aim is to develop a set of the logistics resource allocation modeling and decision-making methods which consistent with China's reality. It has a macroscopical framework of enterprise on a whole as well as giving specific overall allocation decisions. In the research, we establish a resource perspective of logistics based on the enterprise resource theory; we establish a system perspective of logistics based on the modern systems engineering ideology; We confirm the technical path of logistics resource allocation based on the discrete resources ideology; we model and analyze the related logistics resource allocation decision-making based on the interval optimization and the theory of non-convex goal programming. We initially verified the scientificity and feasibility of our theoretical results of research through empirical research. Moreover, we investigated the cooperation mechanism in the vendor managed inventory (VMI) and the evaluation method of transaction price in the price bargaining process.The researches and outcomes of this paper can be concluded in four parts. In the first part, we discuss about the definition of logistics. Giving that the academia hasn't reached an agreement on the basic definition of logistics, this paper discuss it from several aspects. Based on the three basic types of object movement--natural, mechanical and economical, we define the research domain of logistics in the economical phenomenon and analyze the evolution of logistics concept. We give out our new definitions of logistics and logistics system, and analyze the five basic characteristics of the new definition of logistics. We give out the structure of a basic logistics system which consists of eight elements and four subsystems. We analyze the basic drive, the inevitability and the conditions of the development of logistics. We analyze the mutual support relations between the social trade flow process of "Production-Circulation-Consumption-Recovery"and the social logistics process of "Business-Social-Life-Reverse".In the second part, we have made some necessary expansions for the drafted decision making modeling method and tool. Because most of the current researches are either the non-exercisable qualitative analysis or the quantitative plans without the whole view, this paper uses the ideology and models of modern systems engineering to study the quantitative decision-making method of how enterprise logistics activities can effectively satisfy the demands and how its ability can be fully utilized from the perspective of resource allocation. And hope to find out an operable configuration with the macro-aggregate type.For the expansion research of methods, we focus on the following two aspects. The first one is that, based on the traditional goal programming theory, we creatively propose the theory of non-convex goal programming to fit for the research demand. The second one is that, we propose the interval optimization analysis of discrete resource allocation decision-making in connection with the uncertainty of the aggregate resource parameters.In the third part, we model the allocation decision. Specifically, we subdivide the enterprise logistics resource into storage requirements, transportation demands, storage capacity, transportation capacity, network resources and management resources etc vertically, and three basic states: internal planning, internal available, and external available from the horizontal direction. Based on the results of the theory of non-convex goal programming and the interval optimization technology before, and the structure and characteristics of logistics resource system, we construct three categories, totally 16 basic allocation decision-making models, to illustrate the relationship between the aggregate demand and the gross capability of enterprise logistics resource. These basic models lay a foundation of decision-making which can be modularly used for the actual enterprise logistics resource allocation analysis.These three types of specific models include: when the gross capacity of logistics is less than its aggregate demand, under the established capacity, there are the problem-solving models of the best demand allocations, the decreased sensitivity analysis interval models of the best aggregate demand, and the interval optimization models of supplement efficiency for the shortage of logistics capacity. When the gross capacity of logistics is greater than its aggregate demand, under the established demand, there are the problem-solving models of the best capacity utilization, the decreased sensitivity analysis interval models of the best aggregate capacity, and the interval optimization models of the external utilization efficiency of remaining logistics capability. When the gross capacity of logistics is equal to its aggregate demand, there are the interval optimization models of gross capacity under the established demand, and the interval optimization model of aggregate demand under the established capacity. Through an empirical research of the storage and transportation services for oil country tubular goods (OCTG) in China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) 17 oil companies, we initially verify the scientificity and feasibility of the theoretical outcomes related to our research.In the Fourth part, we take some relevant monographic studies. With the complexity of logistics resources management, there must be many special issues need to be solved in the resources allocation. This paper carry out two monographic studies related to logistics resource allocation decision-making. One is a study of the cooperation mechanism in vendor managed inventory (VMI). The other focuses on the evaluation method of transaction price in price bargining process. VMI is a popular manner of inventory management. With the game models, we derive the basic conditions for the cooperation and analyze several cases of VMI cooperation. This research can provide a reference and support for enterprise decision-making under actual inventory management model.Multistage bilateral price bargaining is an important part of the external negotiation of logistics resources. Compared with the traditional trend extrapolation idea of the current evaluation method of transaction price, we propose a new type of evaluation method of transaction price based on the idea of price concession weighting. The new method conforms to the negotiators'psychology and habits, and more directly reflect the formation law of deal price. Evaluation method of transaction price is an important base for the development of the pricing decision support system in centralized procurement, and also can be used for the external negotiation and decision-making of logistics demand or capacity.