From The Interest Analysis Perspective, The Research On Several Issues Related To The Labor Relationship Of State-Owned Enterprises During The Transitional Period

Since the reform and opening-up, the labor relationship issue became one of the unavoidable and important issues in the process of China's economy development. And at the same time, State-Owned Enterprises have formed our country's economic lifeline. Owing to its labor relationship relating to enterprises' competitive power, this issue should deserve our serious consideration.What is called labor relationship, referring to the part social relationship which is directly related to labor in production relationship, is the concrete manifestation pattern of the combination of capital goods and producer during the production process. Substantially, it is one kind of the economic interest relationships. But labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises refers to the social economic relationship which was formed between State-Owned Enterprises workers and employers during the work process. Compared with employee-employer relationship of the completely market-oriented non-public ownership enterprises, its characters are as follows:the unity of the interest of labor and capital, the political nature of labor relationship, the versatility of employer role, the duality of worker role.From interest analysis perspective, the interest modality of the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises experienced from the highly unified-interest labor relationship pattern in the stage of planned economy to the interest-differentiated labor relationship in the early stage of market economy. Look no further than the historical development background of the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises, the economic background revolving around marketization, the international background revolving around economic globalization and the theoretical background revolving around human resource management theory have consitituted the background system of the development of the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises together. Looking from the development route of the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises, it could be found that, it was a kind of forceful reform of the structure under the government lead. The transformation process of the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises was basically synchronous with the process of the social interest differentiation and interest regulation. It was the specific manifestation of the whole Chinese social interest relationship differentiation showed in labor relationship field. Social interest relationship differentiation caused the interest differentiation between labor and capital, and the interest differentiation between labor and capital brought out three main issues related to the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises during the transitional period. They were:the reformulation of the interest body of labor and capital, the generation of interest conflict of labor and capital, the establishment of the interest regulative mechanism of labor and capital. The three issues mentioned above constituted our research frame.The reformulation of the interest body of labor and capital mainly are with respect to the redefinitions of State-Owned Enterprises workers, enterprises managers and government position. According to the sociological study achievements, the descendant trend of State-Owned Enterprises workers'position evoked us to reacquaint the concept of the working class in new period and to have a deeper think about the State-Owned Enterprises working class's consciousness during the transitional period. To be changed from the formal master to matter-of-fact master, it should be as the basic aim of reshaping ,State-Owned Enterprises workers' position. State-Owned Enterprise's manager is state cadre, representative of governmental capital and legal person rolled in one. Under the market-oriented economy conditions, its interest relationship with workers became the kind which was combined with antagonism and complementary from the indentity under the planned economy conditions. The government position in the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises during the transitional period should have been according to the public interest. But in practice, the dislocation of government was resulted from the interest conflict between governmental interest and public interest. In the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises, the reasonable position of government should be definited as the powerful protector of worker's interest, the constitutor of a mature and scientific labor policy, the effective interest coordinator between labor and capital, the employer whose interest appeal should be reasonably bound.During the transitional period, the characters of the interest expression in the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises are:the ability diversity of the interest expression body; the unequality of interest expression chance; the unbalancedness of interest expression efficiency; the complexity of the interest expression manners. The situation mentioned above was resulted from the limitation of workers themselves; the pattern of force comparison of "strong capital-weak worker"; the institutional weakness of trade union; the position reversal of government. Therefore, the effective measures to improve and perfect the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises under transitional period are as follows:raising the interest expression ability of workers, regulating the interest expression behavior of capital, Strengthening the interest expression vector function of the trade union and government consummating the related system about interest expression.During the transitional period, the appearance of the interest conflict in the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises has its own inevitability, from its nature to definite, it is a kind of contradictions among the people and its main manifestations are:the progression of the interest conflict, the yearly ascendant number of labor dispute case; the high proportion of labor dispute taken proceeding by workers and its high rate of winning the lawsuit; the sharpening trend of interest conflict, the obviously ascendant number of mass incident and its continuously expanded social influence. Let's analyze the reasons of interest conflict. From enterprises perspective, for some State-Owned Enterprises, the descendant economic effectiveness, the serious deficit, the uneven interior distribution of income and the corruption behavior of managers are the main factors. From the government perspective, the causes lay in that some measures taken by government during the market transitional period harmed the interest of workers, and there was no effective settlement system related to conflict of labor and capital established in time. From society perspective, it was attributed to the "being deprived sense" of State-Owned Enterprises workers which was caused by the social interest differentiation.The settlement of interest conflict in the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises during the transitional period, mainly depends on the establishment of the interest regulative mechanism. Fairness, democratic participation and governmental leadership principles were the basic principles of the interest regulation in the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises. With being led by the basic principles mentioned above, measures to establish and improve interest regulative mechanism in the labor relationship of State-Owned Enterprises during the transitional period included: establishing and improve interest participation system; establishing and improve interest negotiation system; establishing and improve interest expression system; establishing and improve interest compensation system; establishing and improve interest restriction and supervision system.